The growth function of S-recognizable sets

A set X ⊆ N is S-recognizable for an abstract numeration system S, if the set rep_S (X) of its representations is accepted by a finite automaton. We show that the growth function of an S-recognizable set is always either Θ((log(n))^(c−df) n^f ) where c, d ∈ N and f ≥ 1, or Θ(n^r θ^(Θ(n^q))), where r, q ∈ Q with q ≤ 1. If the number of words of length n in the numeration language is bounded by a polynomial, then the growth function of an S-recognizable set is Θ(nr ), where r ∈ Q with r ≥ 1. Furthermore, for every r ∈ Q with r ≥ 1, we can provide an abstract numeration system S built on a polynomial language and an S-recognizable set such that the growth function of X is Θ(n^r ). For all positive integers k and ℓ, we can also provide an abstract numeration system S built on an exponential language and an S-recognizable set such that the growth function of X is Θ((log(n))^k n^ℓ).