Relevance of nitric oxide for myocardial remodeling.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacology; Animals; Heart Failure/metabolism/physiopathology; Humans; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects; Myocardial Ischemia/metabolism/physiopathology; Myocardium/metabolism; Nitric Oxide/metabolism; Nitric Oxide Synthase/drug effects/metabolism; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/metabolism; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/metabolism; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III/metabolism; Vasodilator Agents/pharmacology; Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects

Abstract :

[en] Endogenous myocardial nitric oxide (NO) may modulate the transition from adaptive to maladaptive remodeling leading to heart failure. In rodent models of pressure overload or myocardial infarction, the three NO synthase (NOS) isoforms were shown to play a neutral, protective, or even adverse role in myocardial remodeling, depending on the quantity of NO produced, the location of each NOS and their regulators, the prevailing oxidant stress and resultant NO/oxidant balance, as well as NOS coupling/dimerization. Beside neuronal NOS and--in specific conditions--inducible NOS isoforms, endothelial NOS (eNOS) exerts cardioprotective effects on pressure-overload, ischemia/reperfusion, and myocardial infarction-induced myocardial remodeling, provided the enzyme remains in a coupled state. Besides its effects on excitation-contraction coupling in response to stretch, eNOS acts as an "endogenous beta-blocker" by restoring the sympathovagal balance, opposing excessive hypertrophy as well as promoting vasodilatation and neoangiogenesis, thereby contributing to tissue repair. As eNOS was also shown to mediate the beneficial effects of cardiovascular drugs commonly used in patients with heart failure, strategies to increase its expression and/or coupled catalytic activity in the myocardium offer new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of this disease.

Disciplines :

Anesthesia & intensive care

Author, co-author :

MASSION, Paul ; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège - CHU > Soins intensifs

Balligand, Jean-Luc

Language :

English

Title :

Relevance of nitric oxide for myocardial remodeling.

Publication date :

2007

Journal title :

Current Heart Failure Reports

ISSN :

1546-9530

eISSN :

1546-9549

Publisher :

Current Science, United States

Volume :

Issue :

Pages :

18-25

Peer reviewed :

Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Available on ORBi :

since 09 February 2012

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