African Plants Database, 2009. Conservatoire et Jardins botaniques de la Villle de Genève and South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria. Retrieved from http://www.ville-ge.ch/musinfo/bd/cjb/africa/.
Araújo M.B. The coincidence of people and biodiversity in Europe. Global. Ecol. Biogeogr. 2003, 12(1):5-12.
Arévalo J.R., Delgado J.D., Otto R., Naranjo A., Salas M., Fernández-Palacios J.M. Distribution of alien vs native plant species in roadside communities along an altitudinal gradient in Tenerife and Gran Canari (Canary Islands). Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2005, 7:85-202.
Bean A.R. A new system for determining which plant species are indigenous in Australia. Aust. Syst. Bot. 2007, 20(1):1-43.
Borcard D., Legendre P., Drapeau P. Partialling out the spatial component of ecological variation. Ecology 1992, 73:1045-1055.
Braun-Blanquet J., Conard H.S., Fuller G.D. Plant Sociology: the Study of Plant Communities 1932, McGraw-Hill, New York, London.
Brunzel S., Fischer S.F., Schneider J., Jetzkowitz J., Brandl R. Neo- and archaeophytes respond more strongly than natives to socio-economic mobility and disturbance patterns along an urban-rural gradient. J. Biogeogr. 2009, 36(5):835-844.
Celesti-Grapow L., Pyšek P., Jarošík V., Blasi C. Determinants of native and alien species richness in the urban flora of Rome. Divers. Distrib. 2006, 12(5):490-501.
Chikoye D., Ekeleme F. Cover crops for cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) management and effects on subsequent corn yield. Weed Sci. 2003, 51(5):792-797.
CIA, 2010. The world factbook. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/.
Cilliers S.S., Bredenkamp G.J. Vegetation of road verges on an urbanisation gradient in Potchefstroom South Africa. Landscape Urban Plan. 2000, 46(4):217-239.
Dufrene M., Legendre P. Species assemblages and indicator species: the need for a flexible asymmetrical approach. Ecol. Monogr. 1997, 67(3):345-366.
Fanelli G., Tescarollo P., Testi A. Ecological indicators applied to urban and suburban floras. Ecol. Indicators 2006, 6(2):444-457.
Fjeldsa J., Burgess N.D. The coincidence of biodiversity patterns and human settlement in Africa. Afr. J. Ecol. 2008, 46:32-42.
Funk J.L., Vitousek P.M. Resource-use efficiency and plant invasion in low-resource systems. Nature 2007, 446(7139):1079-1081.
Galinato M.I., Moody K., Piggin C.M. Upland Rice Weeds of South and Southeast Asia 1999, Internation Rice research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños.
Germain R. Les associations végétales de la plaine de la Rusizi (Congo belge) en relation avec le milieu (Plant assemblages of the Rusizi plain (Belgian Congo) in relation to the environment) 1952, Institut National pour l'Etude Agronomique du Congo belge, Yangambi, [in French].
Godefroid S. Temporel analysis of the Brussels flora as indicator for changing environmental quality. Landscape Urban Plan. 2001, 52:203-224.
Jama B., Palm C.A., Buresh R.J., Niang A., Gachengo C., Nziguheba G., et al. Tithonia diversifolia as a green manure for soil fertility improvement in western Kenya: a review. Agroforest. Syst. 2000, 49:201-211.
Jongman R.H., Braak C.J.F., Van Tongeren O.F.R. Data Analysis in Community and Landscape Ecology 1995, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Kabeya, K.A., 1992. La zone urbaine de Bujumbura: les phénomènes géomorphologiques et leur impact sur les aménagements (Urban area in Bujumbura: geomorphology and its impact on urban planning). Unpublished master thesis, Université du Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, [in French].
Khuroo A.A., Rashid I., Reshi Z., Dar G.H., Wafai B.A. The alien flora of Kashmir Himalaya. Biol. Invasions 2007, 9(3):269-292.
Kinzig A.P., Warren P., Martin C., Hope D., Katti M. The effects of human socioeconomic status and cultural characteristics on urban patterns of biodiversity. Ecol. Soc. 2005, 10(1):23.
Kowarik I. On the role of alien species in urban flora and vegetation. Plant Invasions: General Aspects and Special Problems 1995, 85-103. SPB Academic Publishing, Amsterdam. P. Pyšek, K. Prach, M. Rejmánek, M. Wade (Eds.).
Kuhn I., Brandl R., Klotz S. The flora of German cities is naturally species rich. Evol. Ecol. Res. 2004, 6(5):749-764.
Kuhn I., Klotz S. Urbanization and homogenization - comparing the floras of urban and rural areas in Germany. Biol. Conserv. 2006, 127(3):292-300.
Lebrun J. La végétation et les territoires botaniques du Rwanda-Urundi (Vegetation and botanical territories of Rwanda-Urundi). Nat. Belges 1956, 37:230-256. [in French].
Legendre P., Legendre L. Numerical Ecology 2003, Elsevier, Amsterdam. 2nd English ed.
Lewalle J. Les étages de végétation du Burundi occidental (Altitudinal vegetation bands of western Burundi). Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 1972, 42(1-2):1-247. [in French].
Lockwood J.L., McKinney M.L. Biotic Homogenization 2001, Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, London.
Manirakiza R. Population et Développement (Population and development) 2008, L'Harmattan, Paris, [in French].
McKinney M.L. Urbanization as a major cause of biotic homogenization. Biol. Conserv. 2006, 127(3):247-260.
Milton S.J. Grasses as invasive alien plants in South Africa. S. Afr. J. Sci. 2004, 100:69-75.
Ndabaneze P. Catalogue des graminées du Burundi (Grasses of Burundi) 1989, Les éditions de Lejeunia, Liège, [in French].
Ng'inja J.O., Niang A., Palm C., Lauriks P. Traditional Hedges in Western Kenya: Typology, Composition, Distribution, Uses, Productivity and Tenure Pilot Project 1998, Regional Agroforestry Research Centre, Maseno-Kenya.
Niyongabo, C., 1985. Contribution à l'inventaire ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales dans la municipalité de Bujumbura (Contribution to the ethnobotanical inventory of medicinal plants in the municipality of Bujumbura). Unpublished master thesis, Université du Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi, [in French].
Nyakabwa, M., 1982. Phytocénoses de l'écosystème urbain de Kisangani (Plant assemblages of the city of Kisangani). Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, D. R. Congo, [in French].
Pickett S.T.A., Cadenasso M.L., Grove J.M., Nilon C.H., Pouyat R.V., Zipperer W.C., et al. Urban ecological systems: linking terrestrial ecological, physical, and socioeconomic components of metropolitan areas. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 2001, 32:127-157.
Présidence de la Répubique du Burundi, 2009. Décret n°100/11 du 16 janvier 2009 portant publication des résultats préliminaires du troisième recensement général de la population et de l'habitation du Burundi de 2008 (Publication of the preliminary results of the third general census of the population in Burundi in 2008). Cabinet du Président de la République du Burundi, Bujumbura, [in French].
Pyšek P. Is there a taxonomic pattern to plant invasions?. Oikos 1998, 82:282-294.
Pyšek P., Richardson D.M., Pergl J., Jarošík V., Sixtová Z., Weber E. Geographical and taxonomic biases in invasion ecology. Trends Ecol. Evol. 2008, 23(5):237-244.
Pyšek P., Richardson D.M., Rejmanek M., Webster G.L., Williamson M., Kirschner J. Alien plants in checklists and floras: towards better communication between taxonomists and ecologists. Taxon 2004, 53(1):131-143.
Raunkiær, C., 1934. The life forms of plants and statistical plant geography: being the collected papers of C. Raunkiaer. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Reekmans, M., 1980. La végétation de la plaine de la basse Rusizi (Burundi) (Vegetation of Rusizi plain in Burundi). Bulletin du Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles, [in French].
Ricotta C., Godefroid S., Rocchini D. Patterns of native and exotic species richness in the urban flora of Brussels: rejecting the 'rich get richer' model. Biol. Invasions 2010, 12(1):233-240.
Roothaert R.L., Paterson R.T. Recent work on the production and utilization of tree fodder in East Africa. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 1997, 69(1-3):39-51.
Royal Botanical Gardens Database, 2009. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved from http://www.kew.org/wcsp/.http%3A//www.kew.org/wcsp.
Savard J.P.L., Clergeau P., Mennechez G. Biodiversity concepts and urban ecosystems. Landscape Urban Plan. 2000, 48(3-4):131-142.
Schmitz A. Révision des groupements végétaux décrits du Zaïre, du Rwanda et du Burundi (Review of plant assemblages described in Zaire, Rwanda and Burundi). Ann. Sci. Écon. 1988, 17:1-315. [in French].
Simonová D., Lososová Z. Which factors determine plant invasions in man-made habitats in the Czech Republic?. Perspect. Plant Ecol. Evol. Syst. 2008, 10(2):89-100.
Sindayihebura, B. (Cartographer), 2003. Périmètre urbain de Bujumbura (Map of the urban area of Bujumbura), [in French].
Stadler J., Trefflich A., Klotz S., Brandl R. Exotic plant species invade diversity hot spots: the alien flora of northwestern Kenya. Ecography 2000, 23(2):169-176.
Stevens, P.F., 2003. Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II. Retrieved from http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb.
Ter Braak C.J.F. Canonical correspondence analysis: a new Eigenvector technique for multivariate direct gradient analysis. Ecology 1986, 67(5):1167-1179.
Ter Braak C.J.F., Smilauer P. Canoco Reference Manual and CanoDraw for Windows User's Guide: Software for Canonical Community Ordination. Version 4.5 2002, Microcomputer Power, Ithaca, New York.
Thorne R.F. Major disjunctions in the geographic ranges of seed plants. Q. Rev. Biol. 1972, 47:365-411.
Tropicos.org., 2009. Missouri Botanical Garden Database. Retrieved from http://www.tropicos.org/.
Troupin G. Flore du Rwanda: Spermatophytes (Flora of Rwanda: Spermatophytes) 1978-1988, Musée Royal d'Afrique centrale, Tervuren, [in French].
Villaseñor J.L., Espinosa-Garcia F.J. The alien plants of Mexico. Divers. Distrib. 2004, 10(2):113-123.
Weber E.F. The alien flora of Europe: a taxonomic and biogeographic review. J. Veg. Sci. 1997, 8(4):565-572.
Wester L.L. Origin and distribution of adventive alien plants in Hawaii. Alien Plant Invasions in Native Ecosystems of Hawaii: Management and Research 1992, 99-154. Univ Hawai'i Coop National Park Resources Study Unit, Honolulu. C.P. Stone, C.W. Smith, J.T. Tunison (Eds.).
White F. The Vegetation of Africa: a Descriptive Memoir to Accompany the UNESCO/AETFAT/UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa 1983, UNESCO, Paris.
Williams N.S.G., Schwartz M.W., Vesk P.A., McCarthy M.A., Hahs A.K., Clemants S.E., et al. A conceptual framework for predicting the effects of urban environments on floras. J. Ecol. 2009, 97(1):4-9.
Zerbe S., Choi I.K., Kowarik I. Characteristics and habitats of non-native plant species in the city of Chonju, southern Korea. Ecol. Res. 2004, 19(1):91-98.
