Profil

Paul Elisabeth

Département des sciences sociales > Sociologie du développement

Département des sciences de la santé publique

Département de droit > Droit fiscal

See author's contact details
ORCID
0000-0002-3928-4093
Main Referenced Co-authors
Ridde, Valéry (26)
Fecher-Bourgeois, Fabienne  (12)
Bodson, Oriane  (10)
Brown, Garrett W. (10)
Samaké, Salif (8)
Main Referenced Keywords
Benin (12); Covid-19 (10); Aid effectiveness (9); Evaluation (7); Performance-based financing (7);
Main Referenced Unit & Research Centers
IRSS - Institut de recherches en Sciences Sociales - ULiège (6)
Tax Institute (3)
CRIS (1)
Cité - CITE (1)
Economie politique et économie politique (1)
Main Referenced Disciplines
Public health, health care sciences & services (77)
Special economic topics (health, labor, transportation...) (27)
International economics (15)
Economic systems & public economics (15)
Political science, public administration & international relations (12)

Publications (total 101)

The most downloaded
13207 downloads
Paul, E. (2010). Motivating Civil Servants for Reform and Performance. ‘Capacity is Development’ Research Series. https://hdl.handle.net/2268/37467

The most cited

143 citations (OpenAlex)

Paul, E., Albert, L., Bisala, B. N. S., & Ridde, V. (January 2018). Performance-based financing in low-income and middle-income countries: isn’t it time for a rethink? BMJ Global Health, 3:e000664. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000664 https://hdl.handle.net/2268/218238

Samba, M., Thiam, I., & Paul, E. (December 2024). Which socio-economic groups benefit most from public health expenditure in Senegal? A dynamic benefit incidence analysis. SSM - Population Health, 28, 101714. doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101714
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Brown, G. W., Bell, D., Ridde, V., & Sturmberg, J. (2024). Preparing for pandemics needs a dose of public health and a booster of “complex thought” (Errare humanum est, perseverare diabolicum). Global Policy. doi:10.1111/1758-5899.13449
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

St Louis, P., Makali, S. L., & Paul, E. (20 September 2024). Health-care workers in fragile and conflict-ridden contexts. The Lancet, 404 (10458), 1105. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(24)01647-7
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Oleffe, A., Paul, E., & Mahieu, C. (19 September 2024). The use of medicine retailers by people of Goma as an alternative healthcare provider: a risky but rational practice. BMC Primary Care, 25 (1), 343. doi:10.1186/s12875-024-02596-x
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Mormina, M., Müller, B., Caniglia, G., Engebretsen, E., Löffler-Stastka, H., Marcum, J., Mercuri, M., Paul, E., Pfaff, H., Russo, F., Sturmberg, J., Tretter, F., & Weckwerth, W. (07 June 2024). Where to after COVID-19? Systems thinking for a human-centred approach to pandemics. Humanities & social sciences communications, 11 (1). doi:10.1057/s41599-024-03246-4
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Paul, E., Brown, G. W., Bell, D., von Agris, J. M., & Ridde, V. (22 May 2024). Royal Society report: what would a comprehensive evaluation suggest about non-pharmaceutical interventions during COVID-19? Critical Public Health, 34 (1), 1-10. doi:10.1080/09581596.2024.2349894
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Brown, G. W., Ridde, V., & Sturmberg, J. P. (29 March 2024). Who is “anti-science”? Public Health in Practice, 7, 100493. doi:10.1016/j.puhip.2024.100493
Peer reviewed

Gnammou, J., Paul, E., & Bourgeois, M. (November 2023). Organised sessions. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 28 (S1), 369-389. doi:10.1111/tmi.13932
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Tapsoba, Y., Ndokabilya, E., Wema, J.-C., Engels, T., & Paul, E. (17 October 2023). Cartographie et analyse du financement de la santé dans la province du Sud-Kivu (RDC). Santé Publique: Revue Multidisciplinaire pour la Recherche et l'Action, 35 (3), 315 - 328. doi:10.3917/spub.233.0315
Peer reviewed

Sturmberg, J., Ridde, V., Brown, G. W., & Paul, E. (2023). Health System Resilience—The Foundation For Pandemic Preparedness. Health Affairs: the Policy Journal of the Health Sphere. doi:10.1377/forefront.20230710.604743
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bell, D., Brown, G. W., Oyibo, W. A., Ouédraogo, S., Tacheva, B., Barbaud, E., Kalk, A., Ridde, V., & Paul, E. (2023). COVAX – Time to reconsider the strategy and its target. Health Policy OPEN, 100096. doi:10.1016/j.hpopen.2023.100096
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Vermeulen, N.* , Guyomarch, M.* , Jidovtseff, B., Oleffe, A., Labat, A., & Paul, E. (January 2023). Expectations and disappointments relative to COVID-19 passes: Results from a voluntary mixed-method study in French-speaking Belgium. IJID Regions, 6, 146-151. doi:10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.01.010
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* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Makali Lwamushi, S., Karemere, H., Banywesize, R., Molima Eboma, C., Mwene-Batu, P., Lembebu, C., Ferrari, G., Paul, E., Bisimwa Balaluka, G., & Donnen, P. (2023). Adaptive Mechanisms of Health Zones to Chronic Traumatics Events in Eastern DRC: A Mul-tiple Case Study. International Journal of Health Policy and Management. doi:10.34172/ijhpm.2023.8001
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Ridde, V., Gaye, I., Ventelou, B., Paul, E., & Faye, A. (2023). Mandatory membership of community-based mutual health insurance in Senegal: A national survey. PLOS Global Public Health, 3 (9), 0001859. doi:10.1371/journal.pgph.0001859
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Kalk, A., Sturmberg, J., Van Damme, W., Brown, G. W., Ridde, V., Zizi, M., & Paul, E. (10 October 2022). Surfing Corona waves – instead of breaking them: Rethinking the role of natural immunity in COVID-19 policy. F1000Research, 11, 337. doi:10.12688/f1000research.110593.2
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Gbenonsi, G. Y., Labat, A., Oleffe, A., Jidovsteff, B., Servais, O., Vermeulen, N., & Paul, E. (01 September 2022). Factors Associated With COVID-19 Vaccination Among Individuals With Vaccine Hesitancy in French-Speaking Belgium. JAMA Network Open, 5 (9), 2234433. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.34433
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bell, D., & Paul, E. (28 March 2022). Vaccine equity or health equity? Journal of Global Health Economics and Policy, e2022005. doi:10.52872/001c.33666
Peer reviewed

Paul, E., & Ridde, V. (2022). Le financement basé sur les résultats (FBR) en Afrique - Mise en débat d’un modèle voyageur. Revue Internationale des Etudes du Développement, (248), 169-204. doi:10.4000/ried.334
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Hounkpe Dos Santos, B., Aïna, A., Kpozehouen, A., Glele Ahanhanzo, Y., Daddah, D., Coppieters, Y., & Paul, E. (2022). Évaluation de la mise en œuvre de la sécurité routière au Bénin en 2019. Santé Publique: Revue Multidisciplinaire pour la Recherche et l'Action, 33 (5), 763-778. doi:10.3917/spub.215.0763
Peer reviewed

Sturmberg, J., Paul, E., Van Damme, W., Ridde, V., Brown, G. W., & Kalk, A. (November 2021). The danger of the single storyline obfuscating the complexities of managing SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, n/a (n/a). doi:10.1111/jep.13640
Peer reviewed

Sossa, O., Zeba, M., Zizien, Z. R., Fallon, C., Tubeuf, S., & Paul, E. (29 September 2021). Evaluation challenges and innovative evaluation methods to improve the governance of health systems in Western Africa [Paper presentation]. 12th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health.

Pardo Iniesta, V., Soro, D., Rona, A., Amani, M., Labat, A., Bossyns, P., & Paul, E. (28 September 2021). Revitalizing the health system in Niger: pilot reform experiences enabling to progress towards strategic purchasing [Paper presentation]. 12th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health.

Paul, E., Aikpitanyi, J., Badiane, M. C., Samba, M., Sambieni, N. K. E., & Bourgeois, M. (28 September 2021). Building strong and effective institutions to achieve UHC in Western Africa [Paper presentation]. 12th European Conference on Tropical Medicine and International Health.

Souratié, W. D. M., Sossa, O., & Paul, E. (May 2021). Étude exploratoire de la pratique évaluative dans le domaine de la santé au Burkina Faso. Revue canadienne d’évaluation de programme, 36 (1). doi:10.3138/cjpe.70235
Peer reviewed

Paul, E., Brown, G. W., Kalk, A., & Ridde, V. (2021). Playing vaccine roulette: Why the current strategy of staking everything on Covid-19 vaccines is a high-stakes wager. Vaccine. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.045
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Paul, E., Brown, G. W., Dechamps, M., Kalk, A., Laterre, P.-F., Rentier, B., Ridde, V., & Zizi, M. (2021). Covid-19: An extra-terrestrial disease? International Journal of Infectious Diseases. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.051
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Musango, L., Veerapa-Mangroo, L., Joomaye, Z., Ghurbhurrun, A., Vythelingam, V., & Paul, E. (2021). Key success factors of Mauritius in the fight against COVID-19. BMJ Global Health, 6 (3 e005372). doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005372
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Paul, E., Brown, G., Ensor, T., Ooms, G., van de Pas, R., & Ridde, V. (2021). We shouldn’t count chickens before they hatch: results-based financing and the challenges of cost-effectiveness analysis. Critical Public Health. doi:10.1080/09581596.2019.1707774
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Paul, E., Bodson, O., & Ridde, V. (2021). What theories underpin performance-based financing? A scoping review. Journal of Health Organization and Management, ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print). doi:10.1108/JHOM-04-2020-0161
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Paul, E., Sambiéni, N. K. E., Wangbe, J.-P., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., & Bourgeois, M. (05 September 2020). Budgeting challenges on the path towards universal health coverage: the case of Benin. Health Economics Review, 10 (1), 28. doi:10.1186/s13561-020-00286-9
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Paul, E. (01 July 2020). La crise du Covid-19: réflexions, perspectives, défis et opportunités pour l’Afrique [Paper presentation]. Conférence individuelle à l'Ecole Régionale Postuniversitaire d’Aménagement et de Gestion intégrés des Forêts et Territoires tropicaux (ERAIFT), Kinshasa, Congo - Kinshasa.

Paul, E., Brown, G. W., & Ridde, V. (2020). Misunderstandings and ambiguities in strategic purchasing in low- and middle-income countries. The International journal of health planning and management. doi:10.1002/hpm.3019
Peer reviewed

Paul, E., Brown, G., & Ridde, V. (2020). COVID-19: time for paradigm shift in the nexus between local, national and global health. BMJ Global Health, 5:e002622. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002622
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., & Ridde, V. (2020). Évaluer les effets des différentes mesures de lutte contre le Covid-19, mission impossible? ORBi-University of Liège. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/249701.

Paul, E., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., Deville, C., Ndiaye, Y., Sall, F. L., Sambieni, N. K. E., Meloni, R., & Porignon, D. (2020). Long Way to Universal Health Coverage (UHC): Are Policy Dialogue Processes Appropriate to Negotiate Trade-Offs in Africa? The Cases of Benin and Senegal. ORBi-University of Liège. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/247112.

Paul, E., Brown, G. W., Kalk, A., Van Damme, W., Ridde, V., & Sturmberg, J. (2020). “When My Information Changes, I Alter My Conclusions.” What Can We Learn From the Failures to Adaptively Respond to the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic and the Under Preparedness of Health Systems to Manage COVID-19? International Journal of Health Policy and Management. doi:10.34172/ijhpm.2020.240
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Ndiaye, Y., Sall, F. L., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., & Porignon, D. (2020). An assessment of the core capacities of the Senegalese health system to deliver Universal Health Coverage. Health Policy OPEN, 100012. doi:10.1016/j.hpopen.2020.100012
Peer reviewed

Paul, E., Deville, C., Bodson, O., Sambieni, N. K. E., Thiam, I., Bourgeois, M., Ridde, V., & Fecher-Bourgeois, F. (December 2019). How is equity approached in universal health coverage? An analysis of global and country policy documents in Benin and Senegal. International Journal for Equity in Health, 18 (195). doi:10.1186/s12939-019-1089-9
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Ridde, V., & Brown, G. W. (19 September 2019). Strategic purchasing for health: conceptual and implementation challenges in low- and middleincome countries [Paper presentation]. 11th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Ndiaye, Y., Sall, F. L., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., Porignon, D., & Paul, E. (19 September 2019). For Universal Health Coverage to happen, health systems need to be strengthened: The case of Senegal [Paper presentation]. 11th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Paul, E., Bodson, O., & Ridde, V. (18 September 2019). Performance-based financing is not backed by credible theoretical justifications [Poster presentation]. 11th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Paul, E., Wangbe, J.-P., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., & Bourgeois, M. (18 September 2019). Fiscal challenges on the path towards universal health coverage in Benin [Poster presentation]. 11th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Oleffe, A., Paul, E., & Mahieu, C. (18 September 2019). The place of the “pharmacy” and “drug sellers” in LMICs: a scoping review [Paper presentation]. 11th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Bodson, O., & Paul, E. (17 September 2019). What can behavioural change analysis bring to the comprehensive understanding of performance-based financing sustainability? Exploration through the application of the I-change model on the case of Benin [Paper presentation]. 11th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Paul, E. (23 October 2018). Private healthcare providers and PHC: gateway to marketization or untapped potential to strengthen PHC? [Paper presentation]. 40 years after Alma-Ata -- Primary health care in 2018 and beyond, in South and North, Belgium.

Paul, E., Bodson, O., & Ridde, V. (12 October 2018). Performance-based financing (PBF) in low- and middle-income countries: What is the theory of change, actually? [Poster presentation]. Fifth Global Symposium on Health Systems Research: Advancing health systems for all in the SDG era.

Paul, E. (11 October 2018). How public financial management systems and procurement rules can contribute to facilitate progress towards UHC [Paper presentation]. Fifth symposium on health systems research, United Kingdom.

Bodson, O., Sambieni, N. K. E., Eclou, D., Ridde, V., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., & Paul, E. (09 October 2018). Are pilot programmes able to give rise to sustainable health system effects? The case of performance-based financing in Benin [Paper presentation]. 5th Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Paul, E., & Ridde, V. (July 2018). Oser remettre en question un modèle voyageur ? Le cas du financement basé sur les résultats (FBR) en Afrique [Paper presentation]. Cinquièmes Rencontres des Études Africaines en France, Marseille, France.

Ridde, V., Gautier, L., Turcotte-Tremblay, A.-M., Sieleunou, I., & Paul, E. (2018). Performance-Based Financing in Africa: Time to Test Measures for Equity. International Journal of Health Services. doi:10.1177/0020731418779508
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Sieleunou, I., & Ridde, V. (March 2018). Comment utiliser l’expérience de financement basé sur les résultats (FBR) pour rendre l’achat des services de santé plus stratégique au Bénin? Cahiers Réalisme, 15.
Peer reviewed

Paul, E., Albert, L., Bisala, B. N. S., & Ridde, V. (January 2018). Performance-based financing in low-income and middle-income countries: isn’t it time for a rethink? BMJ Global Health, 3:e000664. doi:10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000664
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bodson, O., Paul, E., Ridde, V., & Fecher-Bourgeois, F. (2018). Mind the gap. Analyse de la mise en œuvre du « FBR-demande » au Sénégal et appréhension des écarts d’implantation et normatifs [Paper presentation]. Rencontres des études africaines en France (REAF), Marseille, France.

Paul, E., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., Meloni, R., & Van Lerberghe, W. (2018). Universal Health Coverage in Francophone Sub-Saharan Africa: Assessment of Global Health Experts' Confidence in Policy Options. Global Health, Science and Practice. doi:10.9745/GHSP-D-18-00001
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Dramé, M. L., Kashala, J.-P., Ekambi Ndema, A., Kounnou, M., Aïssan, J. C., & Gyselinck, K. (2018). Performance-Based Financing to Strengthen the Health System in Benin: Challenging the Mainstream Approach. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 7 (1), 35-47. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2017.42
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Paul, E., & Renmans, D. (2018). Performance-Based Financing in the heath sector in low- and middle-income countries: Is there anything whereof it may be said, See, this is new? International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 33 (1), 51-66. doi:10.1002/hpm.2409
Peer reviewed

Paul, E. (October 2017). PBF in Benin: Lack of ownership, capitalisation of experience, and sustainability [Paper presentation]. 10th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health (ECTMIH).

Sambieni, N. K. E., Eclou, S. D., Sossouhounto, N., & Paul, E. (2017). Le financement basé sur les résultats en matière de santé maternelle : Lorsque l’arbre cache la forêt. In S. Yaya, Risquer la mort pour donner la vie – Politiques et programmes de santé maternelle et infantile en Afrique (pp. 95-114). Canada: Presses de l’Université Laval.

Paul, E., Kashala, J.-P., Sokegbe, S., & Dramé, M. L. (2017). Harmonisation et rationalisation du FBR en vue de sa pérennisation au Bénin. Chaire Réalisme - Note de politique.

Paul, E., & Dramé, M. L. (2017). Le FBR doit être mieux intégré avec les différentes stratégies, réformes et activités du secteur de la santé au Bénin. Chaire Réalisme - Note de politique.

Paul, E., Badarou, S., Bodson, O., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., Kashala, J.-P., & Dramé, M. L. (2017). Matrices d’indicateurs et de mesures des deux modèles de FBR au Bénin. Chaire Réalisme - Note de politique.

Bodson, O., Fecher-Bourgeois, F., & Paul, E. (2017). Looking a gift horse in the mouth: When PBF subsidies eventually demotivate, the case of Senegal [Paper presentation]. 10th European Congress on Tropical Medicine and International Health (ECTMIH), Antwerp, Belgium.

Paul, E., Bodson, O., Ridde, V., & Fecher-Bourgeois, F. (2016). La couverture santé universelle dans les pays à revenus faibles et intermédiaires : analyses économiques. Reflets et Perspectives de la Vie Economique, 1. doi:10.3917/rpve.551.0057
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E. (May 2015). Performance-Based Aid: Why it will probably not meet promises. Development Policy Review, 33 (3). doi:10.1111/dpr.12115
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Devahive, E., Paul, E., Samaké, S., Berthe Issa, Yattara, M., & Poncelet, M. (2015). Stakeholder incentives and aid effectiveness: A case study in the health district of Kayes in Mali. Journal of Development Studies. doi:10.1080/00220388.2014.976619
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Sossouhounto, N., & Eclou, D. (September 2014). Local Stakeholders’ Perceptions About the Introduction of Performance-Based Financing in Benin: A Case Study in Two Health Districts. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 3. doi:10.15171/ijhpm.2014.93
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Porignon, D., Dujardin Bruno, Martini Jessica, & Zinnen, V. (2014). Comment on : “Do Sector-Wide Approaches for health aid delivery lead to ‘donorflight’? A comparison of 46 low-income countries” by Rohan Sweeney, Duncan Mortimer, and David W. Johnston [letter to the editor]. Social Science and Medicine. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.04.040
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Eclou, D., Sossouhounto, N., Nakoulma, F., & Berthé Issa Bara, I. (2013). L'efficacité de l'aide en santé en Afrique de l'Ouest: maintenant plus que jamais. Global Health Promotion. doi:10.1177/1757975913502687
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Contor, J., Maccatory, B., & Paul, E. (2013). La pratique évaluative dans la coopération belge : constats et perspectives. ORBi-University of Liège. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/163420.

Paul, E., Samaké, S., Berthé Issa Bara, I., Huijts, I., Balique, H., & Dujardin, B. (2013). Aid for health in times of political unrest in Mali: Does donors' way of intervening allow protecting people's health? Health Policy and Planning. doi:10.1093/heapol/czt082
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Ireland, M., Martini, J., Zinnen, V., Ronse, I., Samaké, S., & Dujardin, B. (2013). Results from the implementation of aid effectiveness principles in the health sector in Mali. Journal of Public Health Policy, 34. doi:10.1057/jphp.2012.64
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Akpamoli, A., Ba, A. D., Nitièma, A., & Samaké, S. (01 November 2012). Developing national health sector monitoring and accountability platforms. The opportunity of IHP+ in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal [Paper presentation]. Second Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, Beijing, China.

Paul, E., & Vandeninden, F. (2012). Foreign Aid Transaction Costs: What are they and when are they minimised? Development Policy Review, 30 (3). doi:10.1111/j.1467-7679.2012.00577.x
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Zinnen, V., Paul, E., Mwisongo, A., Nyato, D., & Robert, A. (2012). Motivation of human resources for health: a case study at rural district level in Tanzania. International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 27 (4), 327-347. doi:10.1002/hpm.2117
Peer reviewed

Paul, E. (2011). Documenting results of efforts to improve health aid effectiveness: Mali case study. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/140809

Martini, J., Paul, E., Ireland, M., & Dujardin, B. (09 October 2011). The evaluation of the Paris declaration on aid effectiveness: what does it tell us? What results for the health sector? Tropical Medicine and International Health, 16 (S1), 331.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., Berthé, I., & Samaké, S. (October 2011). Comparative analysis of two different approaches to putting IHP+ into practice: Mali and Benin [Paper presentation]. 7th European Congress on Tropical Medicine & International Health.

Paul, E., Ireland, M., Martini, J., Zinnen, V., Ronse, I., Samaké, S., & Dujardin, B. (October 2011). What results can be expected from the agenda for aid effectiveness? [Paper presentation]. 7th European Congress on Tropical Medicine & International Health, Barcelone, Spain.

Ireland, M., Paul, E., & Dujardin, B. (September 2011). Can performance-based financing be used to reform health systems in developing countries? Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 89 (9), 695-698. doi:10.2471/BLT.11.087379
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E. (May 2011). L'appui budgétaire est-il une solution pour le financement du secteur de la santé dans les pays en développement? [Paper presentation]. 3rd International Conference on Health Financing in Developing and Emerging Countries, Clermont-Ferrand, France.

Paul, E. (2011). Documenting the results of implementing aid effectiveness principles in the health sector - Benin case study. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/141059

Paul, E. (2010). Motivating Civil Servants for Reform and Performance. ‘Capacity is Development’ Research Series.
Peer reviewed

Paul, E., & Samaké, S. (2010). Developing the HRH Policy and Plan in Mali [Paper presentation]. Responsible Governance for Improved Human Resources for Health – Making the Right Choices.

Paul, E., Dujardin, B., Ireland, M., & Martini, J. (2010). Improved Aid Effectiveness but Waiting for Results: What are the Missing Links? [Paper presentation]. First Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, Montreux, Switzerland.

Paul, E., Laokri, S., & Robert, A. (September 2009). SWAps in motion: Lessons from case studies in six African countries. Tropical Medicine and International Health, 14 (Supplement 2), 18.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., & Faye, O. (2009). La Coopération au Développement répond à l’impact de la crise financière et économique sur les pays africains à bas revenu – Etude de cas du Sénégal. Bruxelles, Belgium: Direction générale de Coopération au Développement. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/140808

Zinnen, V., Laokri, S., & Paul, E. (2009). Vers un nouveau paradigme de l'aide au développement: l'approche sectorielle en santé, quels constats? In H. Sanni Yaya (Ed.), Le défi de l'équité et de l'accessibilité en santé dans le tiers-monde (pp. 329-349). L'Harmattan.
Peer reviewed

Samaké, S., & Paul, E. (2009). L'approche sectorielle dans le domaine de la santé au Mali. In S. Samaké & E. Paul, L'approche sectorielle dans le domaine de la santé au Mali. Coopération technique belge.

Paul, C., Paul, E., & Zinnen, V. (2008). Health SWAps: for a sustainable development of healthcare systems in low-income countries. In P. Cholewka & M. Motlagh (Eds.), Health Capital and Sustainable Socioeconomic Development (pp. 191-215). Taylor & Francis.
Peer reviewed

Leruth, L., & Paul, E. (2007). A Principal-Agent Theory Approach to Public Expenditure Management Systems in Developing Countries. OECD Journal on Budgeting, 7 (3).
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E. (2007). La gestion des agences publiques en Afrique subsaharienne. Quelques leçons apportées par la théorie des incitants. In J. Nizet & F. Pichault, Les performances des organisations africaines. Pratiques de gestion en contexte incertain. Paris, France: L'Harmattan.

Bergamaschi, I., Diabaté, A., & Paul, E. (2007). L’agenda de Paris pour l’efficacité de l’aide. Défis de l’« appropriation » et nouvelles modalités de l’aide au Mali. Afrique Contemporaine, 223-224.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., & Robinson, M. (2007). Performance Budgeting, Motivation and Incentives. In M. Robinson, Performance Budgeting: Linking Funding and Results. International Monetary Fund & Palgrave/McMillan.

Paul, E. (2006). Improving Public Outcomes in Developing Countries. Application of Incentive Theory to Foreign Aid and Public Resource Management [Doctoral thesis, ULiège - Université de Liège]. ORBi-University of Liège. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/140357

Paul, E. (2006). Lessons from Principal-Agent Theory for Public Expenditure Management in Pacific Island Countries. Pacific Economic Bulletin, 21 (2).
Peer reviewed

Leruth, L., & Paul, E. (2006). A Principal-Agent Theory Approach to Public Expenditure Management Systems in Developing Countries. IMF Working Paper, 06/204.
Peer reviewed

Dabla-Norris, E., & Paul, E. (2006). What Transparency Can Do When Incentives Fail: An Analysis of Rent Capture. IMF Working Paper, 06/146.
Peer reviewed

Paul, E. (2006). A Survey of the Theoretical Economic Literature on Foreign Aid. Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, 20 (1), 1-17. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8411.2006.00175.x
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E., & Porignon, D. (2005). Approche Sectorielle Santé au Rwanda: rapport d'une mission exploratoire. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/240649

Paul, E. (2005). The evaluation of Fair Trade as a Development Project– Methodological Considerations. Development in Practice, 15 (2), 134-150.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Paul, E. (June 2003). Ownership vs. Accountability, ou le contrôle des fonds de l’aide au développement. Reflets et Perspectives de la Vie Economique, XLII (2), 29-43. doi:10.3917/rpve.422.0029
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

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