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Abstract :
[en] Craving is a complex, multidimensional construct central to addictive behaviors. Despite its recognized importance, there is no consensus on its definition, modelization, or assessment, leading to varied conceptualizations. This hinders the development of effective interventions and depletes the credibility of craving, as illustrated by its absence as a diagnostic criterion for gambling disorder in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
This research project aims to establish a consensual definition of craving across various disorders. We will utilize a comprehensive literature review, qualitative data collection, and a Delphi study to achieve this goal.
Our literature review will include an umbrella review to synthesize existing definitions and models of craving across disorders. To ensure recent relevance, we will also conduct a qualitative systematic review focusing on the past decade.
Qualitative data collection will explore the conceptualization of craving from the perspectives of researchers, clinicians, and patients, in line with evidence-based practice principles. Participants will discuss craving's definition, characteristics, triggers, components, temporality, and associated pathologies. We will recruit a heterogeneous sample to ensure a broad range of insights until data saturation is reached.
Based on the literature review and qualitative data, we will compile a list of elements potentially constitutive of craving. These elements will be evaluated by a new sample of stakeholders through multiple Delphi rounds to reach a consensus on their inclusion or exclusion. Ambiguous elements will be highlighted for future research rather than forcing consensus.
The resulting definition will provide a unified framework for craving research across disorders, facilitating the development of transdiagnostic, theory-based tools and ultimately improving interventions and treatments.
