Biocultural community protocols: making space for indigenous and local cultures in access and benefit-sharing?
Frison, Christine; Tsioumani, Elsa; Park, Louisa
2022 • In Lawson, Charles; Rourke, Michelle; Humphries, Fran (Eds.) Access and Benefit Sharing of Genetic Resources, Information and Traditional Knowledge
Claudio Chiarolla, ‘Twenty-First Century Challenges for Indigenous Peoples and Natural Resources’ (2017) A Planet for Life Project available at (28 February 2022).
Todd Berry and Charles Lawson, ‘“Local Communities” and Traditional Knowledge at WIPO: A Very Broad Application?’ (2018) 40 European Intellectual Property Review 485, 486.
Fran Humphries, Sarah Laird, Rachel Wynberg et al., Survey of Access and Benefit-Sharing Country Measures Accommodating the Distinctive Features of Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture and Associated Traditional Knowledge, Background Study Paper 70 (FAO, 2021) pp. 39–44.
Chidi Oguamanam, Intellectual Property in Global Governance: A Development Question (Routledge, 2012).
Daniel Robinson, Confronting Biopiracy: Challenges, Cases and International Debates (Earthscan, 2010).
Bronwyn Parry, Trading the Genome: Investigating the Commodification of Bioinformation (Columbia University Press, 2004).
Vandana Shiva, Biopiracy: The Plunder of Nature and Knowledge (South End Press, 1997).
Elisa Morgera, Elsa Tsioumani and Matthias Buck, Unraveling the Nagoya Protocol: A Commentary on the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-Sharing to the Convention on Biological Diversity (Brill, 2014) p. 29.
Fabien Girard, Ingrid Hall, Christine Frison, ‘Community Protocols and Biocultural Rights: Unravelling the Biocultural Nexus in ABS’ in Fabien Girard, Ingrid Hall and Christine Frison, Biocultural Rights, Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities: Protecting Culture and the Environment (Routledge, 2022) p. 14
Kabir Bavikatte and Daniel Robinson, ‘Towards a People’s History of the Law: Biocultural Jurisprudence and the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit Sharing’ (2011) 7 Law, Environment and Development Journal 35, 45–46.
Cori Hayden, ‘Taking as Giving: Bioscience, Exchange, and the Politics of Benefit-Sharing’ (2007) 37 Social Studies of Science 729, 749–750
Luisa Maffi, On Biocultural Diversity: Linking Language, Knowledge, and the Environment (Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001).
Darrell Posey, ‘Introduction: Culture and Nature – The Inextricable Link’ in Darrell Posey and Oxford Centre for the Environment, Ethics and Society (eds.), Cultural and Spiritual Values of Biodiversity (UNEP, 1999) pp. 3–18.
Kabir Bavikatte, Harry Jonas and Johanna von Braun, ‘Traditional Knowledge and Economic Development: The Biocultural Dimension’ in Suneetha Subramanian and Balakrishna Pisupati (eds.), Traditional Knowledge in Policy and Practice: Approaches to Development and Human Well-Being (United Nations University Press, 2013), p. 298.
Gloria Pungetti and Federico Cinquepalmi, ‘Sacred Sites, Sacred Landscapes and Biocultural Diversity: Applying the Principles’ in Gloria Pungetti, Gonzalo Oviedo and Della Hooke (eds.), Sacred Species and Sites: Advances in Biocultural Conservation (Cambridge University Press, 2012) p. 407.
Kabir Bavikatte and Harry Jonas, ‘A Bio-Cultural Critique of the CBD and ABS’ in Kabir Bavikatte and Harry Jonas (eds.), Bio-Cultural Community Protocols: A Community Approach to Ensuring the Integrity of Environmental Law and Policy (United Nations Environment Programme and Natural Justice, 2009) pp. 37–41.
Alejandro Argumedo, ‘Decolonising Action-Research: The Potato Park Biocultural Protocol for Benefit-Sharing’ in Krystyna Swiderska, Kanchi Kohli, Harry Jonas et al. (eds.), Biodiversity and Culture: Exploring Community Protocols, Rights and Consent, Participatory Learning and Action Issue 65 (International Institute for Environment and Development, 2012) p. 91.
Elsa Tsioumani, Fair and Equitable Benefit-Sharing in Agriculture: Reinventing Agrarian Justice (Routledge, 2021) p. 154.
Louisa Parks, ‘Challenging Power from the Bottom Up? Community Protocols, Benefit-Sharing, and the Challenge of Dominant Discourses’ (2018) 88 Geoforum 87, 91–94.
Harry Jonas, Holly Shrumm, and Kabir Bavikatte, ‘Biocultural Community Protocols and Conservation Pluralism’ (2010) 17 Policy Matters 102, 109–110 available at (28 February 2022).
Louisa Parks, ‘Knowledge Action Repertoires and the Outcomes of Collective Action: Local Community Action for Environmental Protection’ (2021) 14 Partecipazione e Conflitto 1201, 1201–1220.
Kabir Bavikatte, Daniel Robinson and María Julia Oliva, ‘Biocultural Community Protocols: Dialogues on the Space Within’ (2015) 1 IK: Other Ways of Knowing 1, 20.
Margaret Raven, ‘Protocols and ABS: Recognising Indigenous Rights to Knowledge in Australian Bureaucratic Organisations’ (2006) 6 Indigenous Law Bulletin 13, 14–15.
Louisa Parks, ‘Community Protocols and Local Community Participation in International Environmental Law’ (2020) JuWissBlog 19 June 2020available at (28 February 2022).
Louisa Parks, Benefit-Sharing in Environmental Governance: Local Experiences of a Global Concept (Routledge, 2020) pp. 154–164.
Brendan Tobin, ‘Bridging the Nagoya Compliance Gap: The Fundamental Role of Customary Law in Protection of Indigenous Peoples’ Resource and Knowledge Rights’ (2013) 9 Law, Environment and Development Journal 142, 158.
Manohisoa Rakotondrabe and Fabien Girard, ‘Protecting Traditional Knowledge through Biocultural Community Protocols in Madagascar: Do Not Forget the “B” in BCP’ (2021) 13 Sustainability 10255, p. 26.
Daniel Robinson, Biodiversity, Access and Benefit-Sharing: Global Case Studies (Routledge, 2014) pp. 113–127.
Elsa Tsioumani, ‘Reimagining Agrobiodiversity Conservation and Agricultural Innovation from the Grassroots up: The Case of the Peliti Seed Network in Greece’ in Mariagrazia Alabrese, Adriana Bessa, Margherita Brunori and Pier Filippo Giuggioli (eds.), The United Nations’ Declaration on Peasants’ Rights (Routledge, 2022) pp. 216–226.
Mohamed Coulibaly, Priscilla Claeys and Anne Berson, ‘The Right to Seeds and Legal Mobilization for the Protection of Peasant Seed Systems in Mali’ (2020) 12 Journal of Human Rights Practice 479, 493–496.
Priscilla Claeys, ‘The Right to Land and Territory: New Human Right and Collective Action Frame’ (2015) 75 Revue Interdisciplinaire d’Études Juridiques 115, 118–124.
Kachi Yupi, Community Protocol of the Comunidades Indigenas de las Salinas Grandes y Laguna de Guayatayoc de Jujuy y Salta (2015) p. 5 available at (28 February 2022).