[en] Oxazepam was given to nulliparous CD-1 mice on Days 12-26 of pregnancy, and the development and young adult behavior of the offspring were studied. Exp I, using 5, 15, and 50 mg/kg oral doses given twice daily, showed a dose-dependent retardation of postnatal development of several responses such as righting, barholding, limb placing, and auditory startle. These changes were maximal in the 1st 2 postnatal weeks and then were markedly attenuated, or disappeared, being apparently related to a temporary retardation of body growth. A reduction of locomotor activity at 60 days was found only in the 50 mg/kg group. In Exps II and III, prenatal oxazepam reduced open-field activity at 14-26 days and attenuated the hyperactivity induced by dl-amphetamine (d,l-amphetamine) sulfate (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). Exp III, using a cross-fostering procedure, showed that postnatal maternal effects were not responsible for the aforementioned changes. Exp II also investigated the acquisition of several go/no go avoidance discriminations. The main effect of prenatal oxazepam was an impairment of active avoidance responding, while the treatment effects on overall discrimination performance were less marked and limited to the later stages of training. (29 ref) ((c) 1997 APA/PsycINFO, all rights reserved)
Research Center/Unit :
Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives et Comportementales - ULiège
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Alleva, E.
Laviola, G.
Tirelli, Ezio ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cognitives > Neuroscience comportementale et psychopharmacologie expér.
Bignami, G.
Language :
English
Title :
Short-, medium-, and long-term effects of prenatal oxazepam on neurobehavioural development of mice
Ada P.M. (1982) Effects of perinatal chlordiaxepoxide exposure on rat preweaning and postweaning behavior. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 4:279-282.
Alleva E., Bignami G. (1985) Development of mouse activity, stimulus reactivity, habituation, and response to amphetamine and scopolamine. Physiol Behav 34:519-523.
Alleva E., Laviola G., Bignami G. (1984) Acquisition of avoidance discrimination by adult mice after prenatal benzodiazepine treatment. Neurosci Lett 18:118.
Alleva E., Tirelli E., Laviola G., Bignami G. (1983) A mouse model for the analysis of neurobehavioural development after prenatal treatments. Neurosci Lett 14:6.
Bovet D., Gatti G.L., Pecori-Giraldi J., Frank M. (1961) Méthode d'enregistrement des réactions conditionnées de fuite dans la cage de Warner. Dispositif de programmation permettant l'établissement de courbes, d'apprentissage et de rétention chez le rat. Proceedings of the 2nd international meeting of the Collegium Internationale Neuropsychopharmacologicum , E., Rothlin, Elsevier, Amsterdam; 142-146.
Butcher R.E., Vorhees C.V. (1979) A preliminary test battery for the investigation of the behavioral teratology of selected psychotropic drugs. Neurobehav Toxicol 1:207-212.
Charles (1982) Basic husbandry and production information for Charles River animals. Charles River Techn Bull 1(1):4-11.
Fox K.A., Abendschein D.R., Lahcen R.B. (1977) Effects of benzodiazepines during gestation and infancy on Y-maze performance of mice. Pharmacol Res Commun 9:325-338.
Fox W.M. (1965) Reflex-ontogeny and behavioural development of the mouse. Anim Behav 13:234-241.
Frieder B., Epstein S., Grimm V.E. (1984) The effects of exposure to diazepam during various stages of gestation or during lactation on the development and behavior of rat pups. Psychopharmacology 83:51-55.
Frontali M., Bignami G. (1974) Stimulus nonequivalences in go/no go avoidance discriminations: sensory, drive, and response factors. Anim Learn Behav 2:153-160.
Gai N., Grimm V.E. (1982) The effect of prenatal exposure to diazepam on aspects of postnatal development and behavior in rats. Psychopharmacology 78:225-229.
Gallager D.W., Mallorga P., Thomas J.W., Tallman J.F. (1980) GABA-benzodiazepine interactions: physiological, pharmacological and developmental aspects. Fed Proc 39:3043-3049.
Gavish M., Avnimelech-Gigus N., Felden J., Myslobodsky M. (1985) Prenatal chlordiazepoxide effects on metrazol seizures and benzodiazepine receptors density in adult albino rats. Life Sci 36:1693-1698.
Grimm V.E. (1984) A review of diazepam and other benzodiazepines in pregnancy. Neurobehavioral teratology , J., Yanai, Elsevier, Amsterdam; 153-162.
Harris R.A., Case J. (1979) Effects of maternal consumption of ethanol, barbital, or chlorodiazepoxide on the behavior of the offspring. Behav Neur Biol 26:234-247.
Irwin S. (1964) Drug screening and evaluation of new compounds in animals. Animal and clinical pharmacologic techniques in drug evaluation , H., Nodine, P.E., Siegler, Year Book Medical Publ, Chicago; 45-54.
Kellogg C.K., Chisholm J., Simmons R.D., Ison J.R., Miller R.K. (1983) Neural and behavioral consequences of prenatal exposure to diazepam. Monogr Neural Sci 9:119-129.
Kellogg C.K., Ison J.R., Miller R.K. (1983) Prenatal diazepam exposure: effects on auditory temporal resolution in rats. Psychopharmacology 79:332-337.
Kellogg C.K., Tervo D., Ison J.R., Parisi T., Miller R.K. (1980) Prenatal exposure to diazepam alters behavioral development in rats. Science 207:205-207.
Mallorga P., Hamburg M., Tallman J.F., Gallager D.W. (1980) Ontogenetic changes in GABA modulation of brain benzodiazepine binding. Neuropharmacology 19:405-408.
Massotti M., Guidotti A. (1980) Endogenous regulators of benzodiazepine recognition sites. Life Sci 27:847-854.
Regan J.W., Roeske W.R., Yamamura H.I. (1980) The benzodiazepine receptor: its development and its modulation by γ-aminobutyric acid. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 212:137-143.
Rosić N., Frontali M., Bignami G. (1969) Stimulus factors affecting go-no go avoidance discrimination learning by rats. Commun Behav Biol 4:151-156.
Shore C.O., Vorhees C.V., Bornschein R.L., Stemmer K. (1983) Behavioral consequences of prenatal diazepam exposure in rats. Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol 5:565-570.
Simmons R.D., Kellogg C.K., Miller R.K. (1984) Prenatal diazepam exposure in rats: long-lasting, receptor-mediated effects on hypothalamic norepinephrine-containing neurons. Brain Res 293:73-83.
Simmons R.D., Miller R.K., Kellogg C.K. (1984) Prenatal exposure to diazepam alters central and peripheral responses to stress in adult rat offspring. Brain Res 307:39-46.
Tucker J.C. (1985) Benzodiazepines and the developing rat: a critical review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 9:101-111.
Winer B.J. Statistical principles in experimental design, 2nd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York; 1971.
