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Clinical findings in 9 newborn foals with septic meningoencephalitis
Viu, Judit; Armengou, Lara; Cunilleras, Eduard et al.
2010In Proceedings EVECCS Congress - Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
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Keywords :
foal; meningitis; critical care; sepsis
Abstract :
[en] Introduction/Objectives: Bacterial meningoencephalitis is a complication of neonatal septicemia. The objective of this study was to report clinical, clinicopathological findings, treatment and outcome of a group of septic meningoencephalitic foals. Methods: Retrospective study. All septic foals admitted to our hospital (2004–2009) with a diagnosis of bacterial meningoencephalitis were included. Data assessed included signalment, physical and neurologic examinations, blood work, sepsis score, CSF analysis, cultures, treatments and outcome. Results: Nine neonates were diagnosed using 1 of the following criteria: CSF culture (2/9), CSF cytology consistent with bacterial infection (8/9), and/or postmortem confirmation (6/7). Most common clinical signs were depressed mental status (9/9), tetraparesis (7/9), abnormal pupillary light reflexes (6/9), altered suckling-reflex (6/9), seizures and/or nystagmus (4/9), and abnormal respiratory pattern (4/9). Clinicopathological alterations were leucopenia with neutropenia (5/9), hyperfibrinogenemia (8/ 8), and hyperlactatemia (6/6). Blood culture was positive in 6/9 foals. The most frequently cultured agent was Escherichia coli. Pleocytosis (9/9), increased total protein (5/5) and intracellular bacteria (4/9) were detected on CSF analysis. Only one animal survived. Discussion: Clinical signs reported are common and non-specific of bacterial meningoencephalitis. Therefore, clinical diagnosis might be difficult and overlooked. Commonly used antibiotics in neonatal medicine are not appropriate to treat CNS infections. The clinical suspicion of bacterial CNS infection is a reason to switch to appropriate antimicrobial drugs with high blood-brain barrier penetration. In the future, techniques such as MRI will help to reach more definitive diagnoses. Conclusions: Bacterial meningoencephalitis is a disease that may be misdiagnosed and needs early and specific antibiotic therapy
Disciplines :
Veterinary medicine & animal health
Author, co-author :
Viu, Judit
Armengou, Lara
Cunilleras, Eduard
Cesarini Latorre, Carlota  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Dép. clinique des animaux de compagnie et des équidés (DCA) > Médecine interne des équidés
De la Fuente, Cristian
Añor, Sonia
Monreal, Luis
Language :
English
Title :
Clinical findings in 9 newborn foals with septic meningoencephalitis
Publication date :
2010
Event name :
EVECCS Congress 2010
Event date :
18-20 June 2010
Audience :
International
Main work title :
Proceedings EVECCS Congress - Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care
Peer reviewed :
Peer reviewed
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since 15 March 2021

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