[en] Survivors of severe closed-head injury (CHI) frequently suffer from slowed information processing. Whether supervisory strategies are additionally impaired remains a point of debate. The first part of this study employed a serf-paced dual task; the second part, a random generation task, performed at a paced rate, under single and dual task conditions. A measure of information processing speed was used as a covariate in statistical analysis. In the first experiment, in addition to slow processing, patients performed slightly poorer than controls on each task. In the second experiment, patients' performance (one randomness index in single task condition, and processing of dual task) was impaired even after statistical control of slow processing. These results suggest that there is at least some degree of impairment in supervisory strategies in addition to, but independent of, slowed processing. The clinical significance of this finding is discussed.
Disciplines :
Neurosciences & behavior
Author, co-author :
Azouvi, Philippe
Jokic, Corinne
Van der Linden, Martial ; Université de Liège - ULiège > Département des sciences cognitives > Psychopathologie cognitive
Language :
English
Title :
Working memory and supervisory control after severe closed-head injury. A study of dual task performance and random generation
Publication date :
1996
Journal title :
Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology
ISSN :
1380-3395
eISSN :
1744-411X
Publisher :
Taylor & Francis, New York, United States - New York
scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.
Bibliography
Adams, J.H., Graham, D., Scott, G., Parker, L.S., & Doyle, D. (1980). Brain damage in fatal non-missile head injury. Journal of Clinical Pathology, 33, 1132-1145.
Attneave, F. (1959). Applications of information theory to psychology. New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Baddeley, A.D. (1966). The capacity for generating information by randomization. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18, 119-129.
Baddeley, A.D. (1986). Working memory. New York: Oxford University Press.
Baddeley, A., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G.A. Bower (Ed.), Recent advances in learning and motivation, Vol. 8 (pp. 47-90). New York: Academic Press.
Brooks, D.N. (1976). Wechsler Memory Scale performance and its relationship to brain damage after severe closed head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 39, 593-601.
Brooks, D.N., Hosie, J., Bond, M.R., Jennett, B., & Aughton, M. (1986). Cognitive sequelae of severe head injury in relation to the Glasgow Outcome Scale. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 49, 549-553.
Brooks, N., Mc Kinlay, W., Symington, C., Beattie, A., & Campsie, L. (1987). Return to work within the first seven years of severe head injury. Brain Injury, 1, 5-19.
Brouwer, W.H., Ponds, R.W.H.M., Van Wolffelaar, P.C., & Van Zomeren, A.H. (1989). Divided attention 5 to 10 years after severe closed head injury. Cortex, 25, 219-230.
Brown, J. (1958). Some tests of the decay theory of immediate memory. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 10, 12-21.
Brown, R.G., & Marsden, C.D. (1991). Dual task performance and processing resources in normal subjects and patients with Parkinson's disease. Brain. 114, 215-231.
Calicis, F., Wyns, C., Van der Linden, M., & Coyette, F. (1991). Adaptation en langue française d'une procédure de rappel libre et indicé de Grober et Buschke. Manuel d'utilisation et normes préliminaires. Unpublished, Centre de revalidation neuropsychologique des Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Lue, Bruxelles, Belgium.
Cicerone, K.D., & Wood, J.C. (1987). Planning disorder after closed head injury: A case study. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 68, 11-115.
Crossman, E.R.F.W. (1953). Entropy and choice times: The effect of frequency unbalance on choice responses. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 5, 41-51.
Evans, F.J. (1978). Monitoring attention deployment by random number generation: An index to measure subjective randomness. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 12, 35-38.
Grober, E., & Buschke, H. (1987). Genuine memory deficits in dementia. Developmental Neuropsychology, 3, 13-36.
Gronwall, D. (1987). Advances in the assessment of attention and information processing after head injury. In H.S. Levin, J. Grafman, & H.M. Eisenberg (Eds.), Neurobehavioral recovery from head injury (pp. 355-371). New York: Oxford University Press.
Gronwall, D., & Sampson, H. (1974). The psychological effects of concussion. Auckland: Oxford University Press.
Horne, R.L., Evans, F.J., & Orne, M.T. (1982). Random number generation, psychopathology, and therapeutic change. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 680-683.
Levin, H.S., Gary, H.E., Jr., Eisenberg, H.M., Ruff, R.M., Barth, J.T., Kreutzer, J., High, W.M., Jr., Portman, S., Foulkes, M.A., Jane, J.A., Marmarou, A., & Marshall, L.F. (1990). Neurobehavioral outcome 1 year after severe head injury. Experience of the Traumatic Coma Data Bank. Journal of Neurosurgery, 73, 699-709.
Levin, H.S., Goldstein, F.C., Williams, D.H., & Eisenberg, H.M. (1991). The contribution of frontal lobe lesions to the neurobehavioral outcome of closed head injury. In H.S. Levin, H.M. Eisenberg, & A.L. Benton (Eds.), Frontal lobe function and dysfunction (pp. 318-338). New York: Oxford University Press.
Levin, H.S., Mendelsohn, D., Lily, M.A., Fletcher, J.M., Culhane, K.A., Chapman, S.B., Harward, H., Kusnerik, L., Bruce, D., & Eisenberg, H.M. (1994). Tower of London performance in relation to magnetic resonance imaging following closed head injury in children. Neuropsychology, 8, 171-179.
Levin, H.S,. O'Donnell, V.M., & Grossman, R.G. (1979). The Galveston Orientation and Amnesia Test. A practical scale to assess cognition after head injury. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 167, 675-684.
Norman, D.A., & Bobrow, D.G. (1975). On data-limited and resource-limited processes. Cognitive Pyschology, 7, 44-64.
Norman, D.A., & Shallice, T. (1980). Attention to action. Willed and automatic control of behavior. CHIP report No. 99, San Diego, CA: University of California.
Peterson, L.R., & Peterson, M.J. (1959). Short term retention of individual verbal items. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58, 193-198.
Ponsford, J., & Kinsella, G. (1991). The use of a rating scale of attentional behaviour. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 1, 241-257.
Ponsford, J., & Kinsella, G. (1992). Attentional deficits following severe closed head injury. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 14, 822-838.
Reitan, R.M. (1958). Validity of the Trail Making Test as an indication of organic brain damage. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 8, 271-276.
Rosenberg, S., Weber, N., Crocq, M.-A., Duval, F., & Macher, J.-P. (1990). Random number generation by normal, alcoholic and schizophrenic subjects. Psychological Medicine, 20, 953-960.
Shallice, T. (1982). Specific impairments of planning. In D.E. Broadbent, & L. Weiskrantz (Eds.), The neuropsychology of cognitive function (pp. 199-209). London: The Royal Society
Shallice, T., & Burgess, P. (1991). Deficits in strategy application following frontal lobe damage in man. Brain, 114, 727-741.
Spatt, J., & Goldenberg, G. (1993). Components of random generation by normal subjects and patients with dysexecutive syndrome. Brain and Cognition, 23, 231-242.
Stablum, F., Leonardi, G., Mazzoldi, M., Ulmita, C., & Morra, S. (1994). Attention and control deficits following closed-head injury. Cortex, 30, 603-618.
Stevens, J. (1992). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Stuss, D.T., Ely, P., Hugenholtz, H., Riehard, M.T., Larochelle, S., Poirier, C.A., & Bell, I. (1985). Subtle neuropsychological deficits in patients with good recovery after closed head injury. Neurosurgery, 17, 41-47.
Stuss, D.T., Stethem, L.L., Hugenholtz, H., Picto, T., Pivik, J., & Richard, M.T. (1989). Reaction time after head injury: Fatigue, divided and focused attention, and consistency of performance. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 52, 742-748.
Tulving, E. (1962). Subjective organization in free recall of "unrelated" words. Psychological Review, 69, 344-354.
Van der Linden, M., Beerten, A., & Pesenti, M. (1994, July). Age-related differences in random generation. Poster presented at the Working Memory Conference, Cambridge, UK.
Van der Linden, M., Coyette, F., & Seron, X. (1992). Selective impairment of the "central executive" component of working memory: A single case study. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 9, 301-326.
Van Zomeren, A.H. (1981). Reaction time and attention after closed head injury. Lisse: Swets & Zeitlinger.
Van Zomeren, A.H., & Brouwer, W.H. (1987). Head injury and concepts of attention. In H.S. Levin, J. Grafman, & H.M. Eisenberg (Eds.), Neurobehavioral recovery from head injury (pp. 398-415). New York: Oxford University Press.
Van Zomeren, A.H., & Brouwer, W.H. (1994). Clinical neuropsychology of attention. New York: Oxford University Press.
Van Zomeren, A.H., Brouwer, W.H., & Deelman, B.G. (1984). Attentional deficits: The riddles of selectivity, speed, and alertness. In N. Brooks (Ed.), Closed head injury: Psychological, social and family consequences (pp. 74-107). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Van Zomeren, A.H., & Deelman, B.G. (1978). Long term recovery of visual reaction time after closed head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 41, 452-457.
Van Zomeren, A.H., & Van den Burg, W. (1985). Residual complaints of patients two years after severe head injury. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 48, 21-28.
Veltman, J.C., Brouwer, W.H., Van Zomeren, A.H., & Van Wolffelaar, P.C. (in press). Central executive aspects of attention in subacute severe and very severe closed head injury patients: planning, inhibition, flexibility and divided attention. Neuropsychology.
Vilkki, J., & Virtanen, S. (1994, June). Impairment on dual task performance after closed-head injury. Paper presented at the 17th Annual European Conference of the International Neuropsychological Society, Angers, France.
Von Cramon, D.Y., & Matthes-von Cramon, G. (1994). Back to work with a chronic dysexecutive syndrome ? (A case report). Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 14, 399-417.
Wagenaar, W.A. (1972). Generation of random sequences by human subjects: A critical survey of literature. Psychological Bulletin, 77, 65-72.
Similar publications
Sorry the service is unavailable at the moment. Please try again later.
This website uses cookies to improve user experience. Read more
Save & Close
Accept all
Decline all
Show detailsHide details
Cookie declaration
About cookies
Strictly necessary
Performance
Strictly necessary cookies allow core website functionality such as user login and account management. The website cannot be used properly without strictly necessary cookies.
This cookie is used by Cookie-Script.com service to remember visitor cookie consent preferences. It is necessary for Cookie-Script.com cookie banner to work properly.
Performance cookies are used to see how visitors use the website, eg. analytics cookies. Those cookies cannot be used to directly identify a certain visitor.
Used to store the attribution information, the referrer initially used to visit the website
Cookies are small text files that are placed on your computer by websites that you visit. Websites use cookies to help users navigate efficiently and perform certain functions. Cookies that are required for the website to operate properly are allowed to be set without your permission. All other cookies need to be approved before they can be set in the browser.
You can change your consent to cookie usage at any time on our Privacy Policy page.
