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Abstract :
[en] Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitrobiocompatibility and in vivobehaviors of two CaP based scaffolds manufactured by stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing technology.
Methods: Pellets and macro-porous scaffolds were manufactured respectively for the in vitroand the in vivoexperiments both in pure hydroxyapatite (HA) and in biphasic CaP (HA:60-TCP:40.) The in vitro cytocompatibility was assessed by cell culture using a human osteoblastic-like cell line (MG-63). MTS assays were performed in order to evaluate cell viability. Additionally, the cell morphology and growth were characterized using SEM as well as DAPI and Actin staining. In vivobiocompatibility, newly formed bone and biodegradability of the experimental scaffolds were evaluated 3 and 6 months after implantation in a subperiosteal cranial rat model. The sample were subjected to microtomography for quantitative analyses and then, to paraffin histology for a descriptive analysis.
Results: In vitro, cell viability over 75% was found in both group and no statistical difference was found between the 2 biomaterials (p= 0,07). The cells displayed similar behavior, in terms of morphology and cell growth, independently of the scaffold type. The in vivo experiments revealed an excellent osteointegration of the scaffolds and a very limited biodegradability. After 3 months, the bone volume inside pores achieved 72,78% (± 17,87%) and 60,76% (± 23,78%) respectively for HA and HA-TCP. The histological analysis did not reveal signs of inflammation and highlighted close contacts between newly formed bone and the experimental biomaterials.
Conclusions: This study emphasized that SLA-3D printing of CaP based biomaterials might be relevant for intra oral bone regeneration. The cytocompatibility and in vivobiological performances in terms of graft dimensional stability and osseointegration was demonstrated. However, further experiments in larger models should be conducted.
