Parking pricing and its effect on urban traffic management system specially traffic congestion

These days large cities are facing highly increase in populations and car
dependency. In this condition an efficient urban traffic management system playing very
important role to handle issued problems. Urban traffic management system divided to two
main parts. First one which is considered more yet is; current traffic and second one; quite
traffic (parked vehicles) and its effects on current traffic have been considered less .Parking
management is known as one of the most important tools in urban management. There are
different items regarding to parking management that one of the most important one of them
is parking pricing which has tremendous effects in an efficient urban traffic management
system. In this paper we will discuss on why parking pricing and with an study case (UKM)
will see how we can implement and predict about parking pricing and its affects parking
demand and traffic volume and also mention how parking pricing can be considered as the
second most effective congestion reduction strategy (after peak-period congestion pricing
and before Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) taxes, fuel taxes and pollution emission fees).