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Schnakers Caroline

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Main Referenced Co-authors
Laureys, Steven  (101)
Vanhaudenhuyse, Audrey  (62)
Bruno, Marie-Aurélie  (59)
Gosseries, Olivia  (50)
Boly, Mélanie  (49)
Main Referenced Keywords
Humans (23); vegetative state (14); minimally conscious state (13); Adult (12); Consciousness (12);
Main Referenced Unit & Research Centers
GIGA CRC (Cyclotron Research Center) In vivo Imaging-Aging & Memory - ULiège [BE] (18)
Coma Science Group (3)
CHU de Liège-Centre du Cerveau² - ULiège [BE] (1)
Centre, University of Liège and University Hospital of Liège, Sart Tilman, (1)
GIGA-COMA - GIGA Consciousness-Coma Science Group - ULiège [BE] (1)
Main Referenced Disciplines
Neurology (90)
Neurosciences & behavior (24)
Anesthesia & intensive care (7)
Theoretical & cognitive psychology (5)
Philosophy & ethics (3)

Publications (total 113)

The most downloaded
6555 downloads
Chatelle, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Mergam, A.-N., De Val, M., Majerus, S., Boly, M., Bruno, M.-A., Boveroux, P., Demertzi, A., Gosseries, O., Ledoux, D., Peigneux, P., Salmon, E., Moonen, G., Faymonville, M.-E., Laureys, S., & Schnakers, C. (2008). Mesurer la douleur chez le patient non communicant. Revue Médicale de Liège, 63 (5-6), 429-37. https://hdl.handle.net/2268/33877

The most cited

934 citations (Scopus®)

Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Giacino, J., Ventura, M., Boly, M., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2009). Diagnostic accuracy of the vegetative and minimally conscious state: clinical consensus versus standardized neurobehavioral assessment. BMC Neurology, 9, 35. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-9-35 https://hdl.handle.net/2268/33020

Farisco, M., Formisano, R., Gosseries, O., Kato, Y., Koboyashi, S., Laureys, S., Lejeune, N., Martial, C., Matar, A., Morrisey, A.-M., Schnakers, C., Yakufujiang, M., Yamaki, T., Veeramuthu, V., Zandalasini, M., Zasler, N., Magliacano, A., Estraneo, A., & IBIA Special Interest Group on DoCs. (January 2024). Correction to: International survey on the implementation of the European and American guidelines on disorders of consciousness. Journal of Neurology, 271 (1), 408 - 409. doi:10.1007/s00415-023-12083-5
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Farisco, M., Formisano, R., Gosseries, O., Kato, Y., Koboyashi, S., Laureys, S., Lejeune, N., Martial, C., Matar, A., Morrisey, A.-M., Schnakers, C., Yakufujiang, M., Yamaki, T., Veeramuthu, V., Zandalasini, M., Zasler, N., Magliacano, A., Estraneo, A., & IBIA Special Interest Group on DoCs. (2023). International survey on the implementation of the European and American guidelines on disorders of consciousness. Journal of Neurology. doi:10.1007/s00415-023-11956-z
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Magliacano, A., Liuzzi, P., Formisano, R., Grippo, A., Angelakis, E., Thibaut, A., Gosseries, O., Lamberti, G., Noé, E., Bagnato, S., Edlow, B. L., Lejeune, N., Veeramuthu, V., Trojano, L., Zasler, N., Schnakers, C., Bartolo, M., Mannini, A., Estraneo, A., & IBIA DoC-SIG. (27 December 2022). Predicting Long-Term Recovery of Consciousness in Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness Based on Coma Recovery Scale-Revised Subscores: Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Prognostic Index. Brain Sciences, 13 (1), 51. doi:10.3390/brainsci13010051
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Aubinet, C., Schnakers, C., & Majerus, S. (June 2022). Language Assessment in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness. Seminars in Neurology, 42 (3), 273-282. doi:10.1055/s-0042-1755561
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Schnakers, C., Bauer, C., Formisano, R., Noé, E., Llorens, R., Lejeune, N., Farisco, M., Teixeira, L., Morrissey, A.-M., De Marco, S., Veeramuthu, V., Ilina, K., Edlow, B. L., Gosseries, O., Zandalasini, M., De Bellis, F., Thibaut, A., & Estraneo, A. (2022). What names for covert awareness? A systematic review. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16, 971315. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2022.971315
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bonin, E., Schnakers, C., Gosseries, O., Chatelle, C., Zasler, N., Formisano, R., Barra, A., Arango Lasprilla, J., Legostaeva, M., Buzgan, N., Laureys, S., & Thibaut, A. (2021). An online international survey about needs and beliefs of healthcare and family caregivers regarding pain assessment and management in patients with DoC [Poster presentation]. Human Brain Project (HBP) 2021 summit.

Comanducci, A., Boly, M., Claassen, J., De Lucia, M., Gibson, R. M., Juan, E., Laureys, S., Naccache, L., Owen, A. M., Rosanova, M., Rossetti, A. O., Schnakers, C., Sitt, J. D., Schiff, N. D., & Massimini, M. (2020). Clinical and advanced neurophysiology in the prognostic and diagnostic evaluation of disorders of consciousness: review of an IFCN-endorsed expert group. Clinical Neurophysiology. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2020.07.015
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Wang, F., Hu, N., Hu, X., Jing, S., Heine, L., Thibaut, A., Huang, W., Yan, Y., Wang, J., Schnakers, C., Laureys, S., & Di, H. (2019). Detecting Brain Activity Following a Verbal Command in Patients With Disorders of Consciousness. Frontiers in Neuroscience. doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00976
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Lesenfants, D.* , Habbal, D.* , Chatelle, C., Schnakers, C., Laureys, S., & Noirhomme, Q. (2016). Electromyographic decoding of response to command in disorders of consciousness. Neurology, 87 (20), 2099-2107. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000003333
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Schnakers, C., Bessou, H., Rubi-Fessen, I., Hartmann, A., Fink, G. R., Meister, I. G., Giacino, J. T., Laureys, S., & Majerus, S. (16 April 2015). Impact of Aphasia on Consciousness Assessment: A Cross-Sectional Study. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 29, 41-47. doi:10.1177/1545968314528067
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Schnakers, C., Giacino, J. T., Løvstad, M., Habbal, D., Boly, M., Di, H., Majerus, S., & Laureys, S. (2015). Preserved Covert Cognition in Noncommunicative Patients With Severe Brain Injury? Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair. doi:10.1177/1545968314547767

Gosseries, O., Sarasso, S., Casarotto, S., Boly, M., Schnakers, C., Napolitani, M., Bruno, M.-A., LEDOUX, D., Tshibanda, J. F. L., Massimini, M., Laureys, S., & Rosanova, M. (2015). On the cerebral origin of EEG responses to TMS: Insights from severe cortical lesions. Brain Stimulation, 8 (1), 142-149. doi:10.1016/j.brs.2014.10.008
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Habbal, D.* , Gosseries, O.* , Noirhomme, Q., Renaux, J., Lesenfants, D., Bekinschtein, T., Majerus, S., Laureys, S., & Schnakers, C. (2014). Volitional electromyographic responses in disorders of consciousness. Brain Injury. doi:10.3109/02699052.2014.920519
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* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Stender, J.* , Gosseries, O.* , Bruno, M.-A., Charland-Verville, V., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Demertzi, A., Chatelle, C., Thonnard, M., Thibaut, A., Heine, L., Soddu, A., Boly, M., Schnakers, C., Gjedde, A., & Laureys, S. (2014). Diagnostic precision of PET imaging and functional MRI in disorders of consciousness: a clinical validation study. The Lancet Neurology, 384 (9942), 514-522. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60042-8
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Chatelle, C., Thibaut, A., Bruno, M.-A., Boly, M., Bernard, C., Hustinx, R., Schnakers, C., & Laureys, S. (2014). Nociception coma scale-revised scores correlate with metabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex. Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair, 28 (2), 149-52. doi:10.1177/1545968313503220
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Thonnard, M.* , Gosseries, O.* , Demertzi, A., Lugo, Z., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Chatelle, C., Thibaut, A., Charland-Verville, V., Habbal, D., Schnakers, C., & Laureys, S. (January 2014). Effect of zolpidem in chronic disorders of consciousness: a prospective open-label study. Functional Neurology, 28 (4), 259-64.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Cheng, L.* , Gosseries, O.* , Ying, L., Yu, X., Gao, H., He, M., Schnakers, C., LAUREYS, S., & Di, H. (18 March 2013). Assessment of localisation to auditory stimulation in post-comatose states: Use the patient's own name. BMC Neurology, Vol 13. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-13-27
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Lule, D.* , Noirhomme, Q.* , Kleih, S. C., Chatelle, C., Halder, S., Demertzi, A., Bruno, M.-A., Gosseries, O., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., Thonnard, M., Soddu, A., Kubler, A., & Laureys, S. (2013). Probing command following in patients with disorders of consciousness using a brain-computer interface. Clinical Neurophysiology, 124 (1), 101-6. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2012.04.030
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Demertzi, A., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Soddu, A., TSHIBANDA, L., Chatelle, C., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., Thibaut, A., Charland-Verville, V., Schnakers, C., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (23 March 2012). Breakdown of salience network resting state connectivity in patients with disorders of consciousness [Paper presentation]. 9th World Congress on Brain Injury, Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Schnakers, C., Bessou, H., Giacino, J. T., Laureys, S., & Majerus, S. (March 2012). The problem of assessing consciousness in brain-damaged patients with aphasia [Paper presentation]. 9th Annual World Congress, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Schnakers, C., Lovstad, M., Boly, M., Habbal, D., Giacino, J. T., Majerus, S., & Laureys, S. (March 2012). Neurophysiological indices of top-down attentional processing in minimally conscious patients : an ERP study [Paper presentation]. IBIA 9th Annual World Congress, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.

Bruno, M.-A., Majerus, S., Boly, M., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., Gosseries, O., Boveroux, P., KIRSCH, M., Demertzi, A., Bernard, C., Hustinx, R., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2012). Functional neuroanatomy underlying the clinical subcategorization of minimally conscious state patients. Journal of Neurology, 259 (6), 1087-98. doi:10.1007/s00415-011-6303-7
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Gosseries, O., Demertzi, A., LEDOUX, D., Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Thibaut, A., Laureys, S., & Schnakers, C. (2012). Burnout in healthcare workers managing chronic patients with disorders of consciousness. Brain Injury, 26, 1493-1499. doi:10.3109/02699052.2012.695426
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Maudoux, A., BREUSKIN, I., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (2012). Feasibility of oral feeding in patients with disorders of consciousness. In C. Schnakers & S. Laureys (Eds.), Coma and Disorders of Consciousness. Springer. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2440-5_11

Thibaut, A., Bruno, M.-A., Chatelle, C., Gosseries, O., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Demertzi, A., Schnakers, C., Thonnard, M., CHARLAND-VERVILLE, V., BERNARD, C., Bahri, M. A., Phillips, C., Boly, M., Hustinx, R., & Laureys, S. (2012). Metabolic activity in external and internal awareness networks in severely brain-damaged patients. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 44 (6), 487-94. doi:10.2340/16501977-0940
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Demertzi, A., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Chatelle, C., Charland-Verville, V., Thibaut, A., Thonnard, M., & Laureys, S. (2012). The ethics of managing disorders of consciousness. In C. Schnakers & S. Laureys (Eds.), Coma and disorders of consciousness (pp. 25-34). London, United Kingdom: Springer/Verlag. doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-2440-5_14
Peer reviewed

Schnakers, C., & Majerus, S. (2012). Behavioral assessment and diagnosis of disorders of consciousness. In C. Schnakers & S. Laureys (Eds.), Coma and disorders of consiousness (pp. 1-10). London, United Kingdom: Springer.

Gosseries, O., Rosanova, M., Boly, M., Bruno, M.-A., Schnakers, C., Casarotto, S., Demertzi, A., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Massimini, M., & Laureys, S. (2012). A new tool to assess consciousness in patients recovering from coma: transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography [Poster presentation]. Conférence Biomedica, Liege, Belgium.

Chatelle, C., Majerus, S., Whyte, J., Laureys, S., & Schnakers, C. (2012). A sensitive scale to assess nociceptive pain in patients with disorders of consciousness. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 83 (12), 1233-7. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2012-302987
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Demertzi, A., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Soddu, A., TSHIBANDA, L., Boly, M., Thonnard, M., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., Chatelle, C., Thibaut, A., Charland-Verville, V., Schnakers, C., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (16 November 2011). Salience network connectivity reflects the level of consciousness in non-communicative brain-damaged patients [Paper presentation]. XXthWorld Congress of Neurology, Marrakesh, Morocco.

Demertzi, A., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Chatelle, C., Charland-Verville, V., THIBAUT, A., Thonnard, M., & LAUREYS, S. (2011). Désordres de la conscience : aspects éthiques. In C. Schnakers & S. LAUREYS (Eds.), Comas et états de conscience altérée (pp. 157-164). Paris, France: Springer-Verlag.
Peer reviewed

Demertzi, A., Schnakers, C., Soddu, A., Bruno, M.-A., Gosseries, O., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., & Laureys, S. (February 2011). Neural plasticity lessons from disorders of consciousness. Frontiers in Psychology, 1, 1-7. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2010.00245
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bruno, M.-A., LEDOUX, D., LAMBERMONT, B., DAMAS, F., Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Gosseries, O., & Laureys, S. (2011). Comparison of the Full Outline of UnResponsiveness and Glasgow Liege Scale/Glasgow Coma Scale in an Intensive Care Unit Population. Neurocritical Care, 15 (3), 447-53. doi:10.1007/s12028-011-9547-2
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Boly, M., Garrido, M. I., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., BOVEROUX, P., Schnakers, C., Massimini, M., Litvak, V., Laureys, S., & Friston, K. (2011). Response to comment on "preserved feedforward but impaired top-down processes in the vegetative state". Science, 334 (6060), 1203. doi:10.1126/science.1210240
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Phillips, C., Bruno, M.-A., Maquet, P., Boly, M., Noirhomme, Q., Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bonjean, M., Hustinx, R., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., & Laureys, S. (2011). "Relevance vector machine" consciousness classifier applied to cerebral metabolism of vegetative and locked-in patients. NeuroImage, 56 (2), 797–808. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.05.083
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Maudoux, A., BREUSKIN, I., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (2011). Faisabilité d’une alimentation orale chez les patients avec troubles de la conscience. In C. Schnakers (Ed.), Coma et états de conscience altérée. Springer.

Demertzi, A., LEDOUX, D., Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Gosseries, O., Soddu, A., Schnakers, C., MOONEN, G., & Laureys, S. (2011). Attitudes towards end-of-life issues in disorders of consciousness : a European survey. Journal of Neurology, 258, 1058-1065. doi:10.1007/s00415-010-5882-z
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Boly, M., Garrido, M. I., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., BOVEROUX, P., Schnakers, C., Massimini, M., Litvak, V., Laureys, S., & Friston, K. (2011). Preserved feedforward but impaired top-down processes in the vegetative state. Science, 332 (6031), 858-62. doi:10.1126/science.1202043
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., LEDOUX, D., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Demertzi, A., Noirhomme, Q., Lehembre, R., Damas, P., Goldman, S., Peeters, E., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2011). Automated EEG entropy measurements in coma, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and minimally conscious state. Functional Neurology, 36, 25-30.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Gosseries, O., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Demertzi, A., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., MAUDOUX, A., MOONEN, G., & Laureys, S. (2011). Disorders of consciousness: coma, vegetative and minimally conscious states. In D. Cvetkovic & I. Cosic (Ed.), States of Consciousness: Experimental Insights into Meditation, Waking, Sleep and Dreams (pp. 29-55). Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag.

Landsness, E.* , Bruno, M.-A.* , Noirhomme, Q., Riedner, B., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., Massimini, M., Laureys, S., Tononi, G., & Boly, M. (2011). Electrophysiological correlates of behavioural changes in vigilance in vegetative state and minimally conscious state. Brain: a Journal of Neurology, 134 (Pt 8), 2222-32. doi:10.1093/brain/awr152
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Gosseries, O.* , Bruno, M.-A.* , Chatelle, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., Soddu, A., & LAUREYS, S. (2011). Disorders of consciousness: What's in a name? NeuroRehabilitation, 28, 3-14. doi:10.3233/NRE-2011-0625
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Chatelle, C., Laureys, S., & Schnakers, C. (2011). Disorders of consciousness: what do we know? In S. Dehaene & Y. Christen (Eds.), Characterizing Consciousness: From Cognition to the Clinic? (pp. 85-98). Berlin, Germany: Springer.

Demertzi, A., Bruno, M.-A., LEDOUX, D., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Gosseries, O., Soddu, A., Boly, M., Schnakers, C., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (11 September 2010). Predicting Attitudes Towards Disorders of Consciousness: a European Survey [Paper presentation]. 8th IBIA World Congress on Brain Injury, Washington DC, United States.

Thonnard, M., Laureys, S., Brédart, S., Bruno, M.-A., Demertzi, A., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (September 2010). Near-Death Experiences : Real or imagined memories? [Poster presentation]. 14th Congress of the European Federation of Neurological Societies - EFNS 2010, Geneva, Switzerland.

Thonnard, M., Laureys, S., Brédart, S., Bruno, M.-A., Demertzi, A., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (July 2010). Near-Death Experiences and coma memories : real or imagined? [Poster presentation]. 3rd Conference on Coma and Consciousness, Salerno, Italy.

Noirhomme, Q., Chatelle, C., Kleih, S., Thonnard, M., Demertzi, A., Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., Lehembre, R., Soddu, A., Kübler, A., Laureys, S., & Lulé. (June 2010). Brain-computer interface in disorders of consciousness: answering simple questions with a P3 speller [Poster presentation]. 16th Annual Meeting of the Organization for Human Brain Mapping, Barcelona, Spain.

Noirhomme, Q., Chatelle, C., Kleih, S., Thonnard, M., Demertzi, A., Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., Lehembre, R., Soddu, A., Kuebler, A., Laureys, S., & Lule, D. (June 2010). Probing command following in patients with disorders of consciousness using a brain-computer interface [Paper presentation]. Twentieth Meeting of the European Neurological Society 19-23 June 2010.

Thonnard, M., Laureys, S., Brédart, S., Bruno, M.-A., Demertzi, A., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (June 2010). Near-death experiences: real or imagined? [Paper presentation]. Twentieth Meeting of the European Neurological Society, Berlin, Germany.

Vanhaudenhuyse, A.* , Noirhomme, Q.* , Tshibanda, L., Bruno, M.-A., Boveroux, P., Schnakers, C., Soddu, A., Perlbarg, V., Ledoux, D., Brichant, J.-F., Moonen, G., Maquet, P., Greicius, M. D., Laureys, S., & Boly, M. (2010). Default network connectivity reflects the level of consciousness in non-communicative brain-damaged patients. Brain: a Journal of Neurology, 133 (Pt 1), 161-71. doi:10.1093/brain/awp313
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Chatelle, C., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Majerus, S., LEDOUX, D., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., BOVEROUX, P., Demertzi, A., Moonen, G., LAUREYS, S., & Schnakers, C. (2010). The Nociception Coma Scale: a first step to a better management of pain in severely brain-injured patients [Poster presentation]. European Federation of Neurological Societies.

Schnakers, C., Chatelle, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Majerus, S., Ledoux, D., Boly, M., Bruno, M.-A., Boveroux, P., Demertzi, A., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2010). The nociception coma scale: A new tool to assess nociception in disorders of consciousness. Pain, 148, 215-219. doi:10.1016/j.pain.2009.09.028
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Demertzi, A., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., Hustinx, R., & Laureys, S. (2010). Visual fixation in the vegetative state: an observational case series PET study. BMC Neurology, 10, 35. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-10-35
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bastin, C., Van der Linden, M., Schnakers, C., Montaldi, D., & Mayes, A. R. (2010). The contribution of familiarity to within- and between-domain associative recognition memory: Use of a modified remember/know procedure. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 22 (6), 922-943. doi:10.1080/09541440903007834
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Boveroux, P., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Noirhomme, Q., Lauwick, S., Luxen, A., Degueldre, C., Plenevaux, A., Schnakers, C., Phillips, C., Brichant, J.-F., Bonhomme, V., Maquet, P., Greicius, M. D., Laureys, S., & Boly, M. (2010). Breakdown of within- and between-network resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity during propofol-induced loss of consciousness. Anesthesiology, 113 (5), 1038-53. doi:10.1097/ALN.0b013e3181f697f5
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Chatelle, C., Schnakers, C., Bruno, M.-A., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (2010). La Sensory Modality Assessment and Rehabilitation Technique (SMART) : une echelle comportementale d'evaluation et de revalidation pour des etats alteres de conscience. Revue Neurologique, 166 (8-9), 675-82. doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2010.01.011
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Schnakers, C., Chatelle, C., Majerus, S., Gosseries, O., De Val, M., & Laureys, S. (2010). Assessment and detection of pain in noncommunicative severely brain-injured patients. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 10 (11), 1725-31. doi:10.1586/ern.10.148
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Chatelle, C., Schnakers, C., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Majerus, S., LEDOUX, D., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., BOVEROUX, P., Demertzi, A., Moonen, G., & LAUREYS, S. (2010). The Nociception Coma Scale to assess nociception in disorders of consciousness [Poster presentation]. International Brain Injury Association, Washington, United States.

Noirhomme, Q., Soddu, A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Lehembre, R., Bruno, M.-A., Gosseries, O., Demertzi, A., Maudoux, A., Schnakers, C., Boveroux, P., Boly, M., & Laureys, S. (2010). Functional Neuroimaging Approaches to the Changing Borders of Consciousness. Journal of Psychophysiology, 24 (2), 68-75. doi:10.1027/0269-8803/a000015
Peer reviewed

Chatelle, C., Laureys, S., Majerus, S., & Schnakers, C. (2010). Eye gaze and conscious processing in severely brain-injured patients. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33 (6), 442-443. doi:10.1017/s0140525x10001494
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Lulé, D., Kleih, S., Chatelle, C., Thonard, M., Demertzi, A., Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., LAUREYS, S., Kübler, A., & Noirhomme, Q. (2010). Auditory P300 and the altered consciousness: detecting altered states of consciousness using the P300 speller. In Proceedings of TOBI Workshop 2010: Integrating Brain-Computer Interfaces with Conventional Assistive Technology (pp. 2).
Peer reviewed

Bruno, M.-A.* , Soddu, A.* , Demertzi, A., Laureys, S., Gosseries, O., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., Noirhomme, Q., Thonnard, M., Chatelle, C., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (2010). Disorders of consciousness: Moving from passive to resting state and active paradigms. Cognitive Neuroscience, 1 (1), 193–203. doi:10.1080/17588928.2010.485677
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Demertzi, A., Bruno, M.-A., LEDOUX, D., VANHAUDENHUYSE, A., Gosseries, O., Boly, M., Schnakers, C., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (22 June 2009). Attitudes towards disorders of consciousness: do Europeans disentangle vegetative from minimally conscious state? [Paper presentation]. 19th Meeting of the European Neurological Society, Milan, Italy.

Bruno, M.-A., Schnakers, C., Damas, F., Pellas, F., Lutte, I., Bernheim, J., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., Goldman, S., & Laureys, S. (2009). Locked-in syndrome in children: report of five cases and review of the literature. Pediatric Neurology, 41, 237-246. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.05.001
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Schnakers, C., Faymonville, M., & Laureys, S. (2009). Ethical implications : pain, coma and related disorders. In W. P. Banks (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Consciousness (pp. 243-250). London, United Kingdom: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-012373873-8.00027-X

Boly, M., Tshibanda, L., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Noirhomme, Q., Schnakers, C., Ledoux, D., Boveroux, P., Garweg, C., Lambermont, B., Phillips, C., Luxen, A., Moonen, G., Bassetti, C., Maquet, P., & Laureys, S. (2009). Functional connectivity in the default network during resting state is preserved in a vegetative but not in a brain dead patient. Human Brain Mapping, 30 (8), 2393-400. doi:10.1002/hbm.20672
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Demertzi, A., Schnakers, C., Ledoux, D., Chatelle, C., Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Boly, M., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2009). Different beliefs about pain perception in the vegetative and minimally conscious states: a European survey of medical and paramedical professionals. Progress in Brain Research, 177, 329-38. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17722-1
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Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Giacino, J., Ventura, M., Boly, M., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2009). Diagnostic accuracy of the vegetative and minimally conscious state: clinical consensus versus standardized neurobehavioral assessment. BMC Neurology, 9, 35. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-9-35
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Majerus, S., Bruno, M.-A., Schnakers, C., Giacino, J., & Laureys, S. (2009). The problem of aphasia in the assessment of consciousness in brain damaged patients. Progress in Brain Research, 177, 49-61. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17705-1
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Schnakers, C., Giacino, J., Rodriguez-Moreno, Schiff, N., & Hirsch. (2009). Behavioral Assessment in Patients with Disorders of Consciousness: Gold Standard or Fool’s Gold? Progress in Brain Research, 177, 329-338. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(09)17704-X
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Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Boly, M., Balteau, E., Schnakers, C., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., Lamy, M., Degueldre, C., Brichant, J.-F., Maquet, P., Laureys, S., & Faymonville, M. (2009). Pain and non-pain processing during hypnosis: a thulium-YAG event-related fMRI study. NeuroImage, 47 (3), 1047-54. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.05.031
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Gosseries, O., Bruno, M.-A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., & Laureys, S. (2009). Consciousness in the Locked-in Syndrome. In S. Laureys & G. Tononi (Ed.), The Neurology of Consciousness (pp. 191-203). Oxford, United Kingdom: Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-374168-4.00015-0

LAMBERMONT, B., CHOI, P., JONLET, S., Bruno, M.-A., DAMAS, F., Schnakers, C., LEDOUX, D., & LAUREYS, S. (January 2009). Comparaison de l’échelle FOUR (Full Outline of UnResponsiveness) et de l’échelle de Glasgow chez les patients cérébro-lésés [Paper presentation]. 37e Congrès de la Société de Réanimation de Langue Française.

Schnakers, C., Perrin, F., Schabus, M., Hustinx, R., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., Boly, M., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., & Laureys, S. (2009). Detecting consciousness in a total Locked-in syndrome: an active event related paradigm. Neurocase: Case Studies in Neuropsychology, Neuropsychiatry and Behavioural Neurology, 25, 1-7. doi:10.1080/13554790902724904
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Schnakers, C. (2008). Altération et récupération de la conscience chez les patients cérébro-lésés : Une approche comportementale, électrophysiologique et par neuro-imagerie fonctionnelle [Doctoral thesis, Université de Liège]. ORBi-University of Liège. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/315275

Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., Brédart, S., & Laureys, S. (February 2008). Assessment of visual pursuit in post-comatose states: use a mirror. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 79 (2). doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.121624
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Laureys, S., FAYMONVILLE, M.-E., BOLY, M., Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., BOVEROUX, P., Gosseries, O., & Majerus, S. (2008). Bewusstseinsstörungen - Diagnose und Prognose. In T. Junginger (Ed.), Grenzsituationen der Intensivmedizin-Entscheidungsgrundlagen (pp. 3-16). Berlin, Germany: Springer Verlag.

Schnakers, C., Hustinx, R., Vandewalle, G., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., Boly, M., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., & Laureys, S. (2008). Measuring the effect of amantadine in chronic anoxic minimally conscious state. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 79 (2), 225-7. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.124099
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Bruno, M.-A., Pellas, F., Schnakers, C., Van Eeckhout, P., Bernheim, J., Pantke, K. H., Damas, F., Faymonville, M., Moonen, G., Goldman, S., & Laureys, S. (2008). Le Locked-In Syndrome : la conscience emmurée. Revue Neurologique, 164, 322-335. doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2007.12.010
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Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Giacino, J., Schnakers, C., Kalmar, K., Smart, C., Bruno, M.-A., Gosseries, O., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2008). Blink to visual threat does not herald consciousness in the vegetative state. Neurology, 71 (17), 1374-5. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000320110.70134.60
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Schnakers, C., Hustinx, R., Vandewalle, G., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., Boly, M., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., & Laureys, S. (2008). Measuring the effect of amantadine in chronic anoxic minimally conscious state. Brain Injury.
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Boly, M., Phillips, C., Balteau, E., Schnakers, C., Degueldre, C., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., Peigneux, P., Faymonville, M., Maquet, P., & Laureys, S. (2008). Consciousness and cerebral baseline activity fluctuations. Human Brain Mapping, 29, 868-874. doi:10.1002/hbm.20602
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Schnakers, C., Majerus, S., Giacino, J., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Boly, M., Moonen, G., Damas, P., Ventura, M., Laureys, S., Lambermont, B., Lamy, M., & Damas, F. (2008). A french validation study of the Coma Recovery Scaled-Revised (CRS-R). Brain Injury, 22 (10), 786-792. doi:10.1080/02699050802403557
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Noirhomme, Q., Schnakers, C., & Laureys, S. (2008). A twitch of consciousness: defining the boundaries of vegetative and minimally conscious states. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 79 (7), 741-2. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.142216
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Chatelle, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Mergam, A.-N., De Val, M., Majerus, S., Boly, M., Bruno, M.-A., Boveroux, P., Demertzi, A., Gosseries, O., Ledoux, D., Peigneux, P., Salmon, E., Moonen, G., Faymonville, M.-E., Laureys, S., & Schnakers, C. (2008). Mesurer la douleur chez le patient non communicant. Revue Médicale de Liège, 63 (5-6), 429-37.
Peer reviewed

Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Boveroux, P., Boly, M., Schnakers, C., Bruno, M.-A., Kirsch, M., Demertzi, A., Lamy, M., Maquet, P., Laureys, S., & Faymonville, M.-E. (2008). Hypnose et perception de la douleur. Revue Médicale de Liège, 63 (5-6), 424-8.
Peer reviewed

Schnakers, C., Perrin, F., Schabus, M., Majerus, S., Ledoux, D., Damas, P., Boly, M., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2008). Voluntary brain processing in disorders of consciousness. Neurology, 71 (20), 1614-1620. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000334754.15330.69
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Bruno, M.-A., Bernheim, J. L., Schnakers, C., & Laureys, S. (2008). Locked-in: don't judge a book by its cover. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 79 (1), 2. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2007.125294
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Schnakers, C., Ledoux, D., Majerus, S., Damas, P., Damas, F., Lambermont, B., Lamy, M., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2008). Diagnostic and prognostic use of bispectral index in coma, vegetative state and related disorders. Brain Injury, 22 (12), 926-931. doi:10.1080/02699050802530565
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Demertzi, A., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., BOVEROUX, P., Maquet, P., Moonen, G., & Laureys, S. (2008). Is there anybody in there? Detecting awareness in disorders of consciousness. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 8 (11), 1719-30. doi:10.1586/14737175.8.11.1719
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Laureys, S., Boly, M., Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Noirhomme, Q., Ledoux, D., Faymonville, M.-E., Lamy, M., Franck, G., Luxen, A., Maquet, P., & Moonen, G. (2008). Revelations from the unconscious: studying residual brain function in coma and related states. Bulletin et Mémoires de l'Académie Royale de Médecine de Belgique, 163 (7-9), 381-8; discussion 388-90.

Bruno, M.-A., Pellas, F., Bernheim, J. L., Ledoux, D., Goldman, S., Demertzi, A., Majerus, S., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Blandin, V., Boly, M., Boveroux, P., Moonen, G., Laureys, S., & Schnakers, C. (2008). Quelle vie apres le Locked-In syndrome? Revue Médicale de Liège, 63 (5-6), 445-51.
Peer reviewed

Rauchs, G., Orban, P., Schmidt, C., Albouy, G., Balteau, E., Degueldre, C., Schnakers, C., Sterpenich, V., Tinguerly, G., Luxen, A., Maquet, P., & Peigneux, P. (2008). Sleep modulates the neural substrates of both spatial and contextual memory consolidation. PLoS ONE, 3 (8), 2949. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0002949
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Thonnard, M., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., Bruno, M.-A., BOVEROUX, P., Laureys, S., & Vanhaudenhuyse, A. (2008). Experiences de mort imminente: phenomenes paranormaux ou neurologiques? Revue Médicale de Liège, 63 (5-6), 438-44.
Peer reviewed

Boly, M., Balteau, E., Schnakers, C., Degueldre, C., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., Phillips, C., Peigneux, P., Maquet, P., & Laureys, S. (17 July 2007). Baseline brain activity fluctuations predict somatosensory perception in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104 (29), 12187-12192. doi:10.1073/pnas.0611404104
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Boly, M., Balteau, E., Schnakers, C., Kupers, R., Luxen, A., Maquet, P., Laureys, S., & Faymonville, M.-E. (May 2007). fMRI study of hypnosis-induced analgesia. Journal of Neurology, 254 (Suppl. 3), 38-39.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Boly, M., Balteau, E., Schnakers, C., Degueldre, C., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., Phillips, C., Peigneux, P., Maquet, R., & Laureys, S. (May 2007). Cerebral resting state fluctuations predict somatosensory perception. Journal of Neurology, 254 (Suppl. 3), 42.
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Bruno, M.-A., Pellas, F., Bernheim, J., Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., & LAUREYS, S. (2007). Qualité de vie et locked-in syndrome. In F. Pellas, C. Kiefer, J. Weiss, ... J. Pelisier (Eds.), Entretiens de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation. Elsevier Masson.
Peer reviewed

Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., BOVEROUX, P., Moonen, G., Perrin, F., Pantke, K.-H., & Laureys, S. (2007). Locked-in syndrome et états de conscience altérée: comment détecter la conscience? In F. Pellas, C. Kiefer, J. Weiss, ... J. Pélissier (Eds.), Eveil de coma et états limites. Elsevier Masson.
Peer reviewed

Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., Perrin, F., Brédart, S., & Laureys, S. (2007). Detecting consciousness in minimally conscious patients. Réanimation, 16, 527-532. doi:10.1016/j.reaurg.2007.09.010
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Schabus, M., Dang Vu, T. T., Albouy, G., Balteau, E., Boly, M., Carrier, J., Darsaud, A., Degueldre, C., Desseilles, M., Gais, S., Phillips, C., Rauchs, G., Schnakers, C., Sterpenich, V., Vandewalle, G., Luxen, A., & Maquet, P. (2007). Hemodynamic cerebral correlates of sleep spindles during human non-rapid eye movement sleep. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 104 (32), 13164-9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0703084104
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Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., Bruno, M.-A., Gosseries, O., Cologan, V., Boveroux, P., Ledoux, D., Piret, S., Phillips, C., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., Maquet, P., Brédart, S., & Laureys, S. (2007). Evaluation comportementale et par neuroimagerie fonctionnelle des patients en état végétatif. Revue Médicale de Liège, 62 Spec No, 15-20.
Peer reviewed

Schnakers, C., Vanhaudenhuyse, A., Bruno, M.-A., & Laureys, S. (2007). Evaluation cognitive chez le patient en locked-in syndrome. In F. Pellas, C. Kiefer, J. Weiss, ... J. Pelisier (Eds.), Entretiens de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation. Elsevier Masson.
Peer reviewed

Schnakers, C., Giacino, J., Kalmar, K., Piret, S., Lopez, E., Boly, M., Malone, R., & Laureys, S. (December 2006). Does the FOUR score correctly diagnose the vegetative and minimally conscious states? Annals of Neurology, 60 (6), 744-745. doi:10.1002/ana.20919
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi

Schabus, M., Dang Vu, T. T., Phillips, C., Degueldre, C., Albouy, G., Desseilles, M., Balteau, E., Boly, M., Rauchs, G., Schnakers, C., Sterpenich, V., Darsaud, A., Vandewalle, G., Carrier, J., & Maquet, P. (2006). An attempt to localize sleep spindles using electroencephalography (EEG) simultaneously with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) [Paper presentation]. 8th International Neuroscience Winter Conference, Sölden, Austria.

Perrin, F., Schnakers, C., Schabus, M., Degueldre, C., Goldman, S., Brédart, S., Faymonville, M., Lamy, M., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., Maquet, P., & Laureys, S. (2006). Brain response to one's own name in vegetative state, minimally conscious state and locked-in syndrome. Archives of Neurology, 63, 562-569. doi:10.1001/archneur.63.4.562
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Laureys, S., Perrin, F., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., & Majerus, S. (December 2005). Residual cognitive function in comatose, vegetative and minimally conscious states. Current Opinion in Neurology, 18 (6), 726-733. doi:10.1097/01.wco.0000189874.92362.12
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Laureys, S., Pellas, F., Van Eeckhout, P., Ghorbel, S., Schnakers, C., Perrin, F., Berre, J., Faymonville, M.-E., Pantke, K.-H., Damas, F., Lamy, M., Moonen, G., & Goldman, S. (2005). The locked-in syndrome : what is it like to be conscious but paralyzed and voiceless? [letter to the editor]. Progress in Brain Research, 150 (Boundaries of Consciousness: Neurobiology and Neuropathology), 495-511. doi:10.1016/S0079-6123(05)50034-7
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Schnakers, C., Majerus, S., & Laureys, S. (2005). Bispectral analysis of electroencephalogram signals during recovery from coma : preliminary findings. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 15 (3-4), 381-388. doi:10.1080/09602010443000524
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Laureys, S., Perrin, F., Faymonville, M., Schnakers, C., Boly, M., Bartsch, V., Majerus, S., Moonen, G., & Maquet, P. (14 September 2004). Cerebral processing in the minimally conscious state. Neurology, 63 (5), 916-918. doi:10.1212/01.WNL.0000137421.30792.9B
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Laureys, S., Faymonville, M.-E., De Tiège, X., Berré, J., Elincx, S., Antoine, S., Ligot, N., Boly, M., Schnakers, C., Sadzot, B., Hansen, I., Damas, P., Mavroudakis, N., Vincent, J. L., Lamy, M., Moonen, G., Luxen, A., Goldman, S., & Maquet, P. (2004). Residual cerebral functioning in the vegetative state. Arco di Giano, 74-80.
Peer reviewed

Schnakers, C., Majerus, S., & Laureys, S. (2004). Diagnostic et évaluation des états de conscience altérée. Réanimation, 13 (5), 368-375. doi:10.1016/j.reaurg.2004.03.019
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Laureys, S., Faymonville, M.-E., Ferring, M., Schnakers, C., Elincx, S., Ligot, N., & Majerus, S. (August 2003). Differences in brain metabolism between patients in coma, vegetative state, minimally conscious state and locked in syndrome [Paper presentation]. 7th Congress of the European Federation of Neurological Societies, Helsinki, Finland.

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