Publications and communications of Georges Scholl

Articles in scientific journals with peer reviewing

Sogbossi Gbétokpanou, C. D. L., Iko Afé Ogouyôm, H., Szternfeld, P., Scholl, G., Boutaleb, S., Porretti, M., Joly, L., Azokpota, P., Eppe, G., Sindic, M., Scippo, M.-L., Madodé, Y. E., & Douny, C. (December 2025). Health risk assessment related to heat-induced contaminants in peanut-based foods consumed in Southern Benin. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 148, 108525. doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2025.108525

Damseaux, C., Scholl, G., Uptmor, K. A. P., Focant, J.-F., Eppe, G., & Stefanuto, P.-H. (September 2025). Analysis of Volatile Degradation Products From Green Stabilizers in Smokeless Propellants With Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. Separation Science Plus, 8 (9). doi:10.1002/sscp.70130

Muller, H., Scholl, G., & Eppe, G. (04 July 2025). Gas chromatography-trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry: A highly specific and ultra-sensitive platform for quantifying sub-ppt levels of dioxins and PCBs in food. Chemosphere, 385, 144557. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144557

Van Hassel, L., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., Poleunisc, C., Dupont-Gillain, C., Finkelstein, M., & Debier, C. (27 March 2024). Dynamics of leaching of POPs and additives from plastic in a Procellariiform gastric model: Diet- and polymer-dependent effects and implications for long-term exposure. PLoS ONE, 19 (3), 0299860. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0299860

Alsafra, Z., Kuuliala, L., Scholl, G., Saegerman, C., Eppe, G., & De Meulenaer, B. (30 November 2023). Characterizing the formation of process contaminants during coffee roasting by multivariate statistical analysis. Food Chemistry, 427, 136655. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136655

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (17 November 2023). Sliding Windows in Ion Mobility (SWIM): A New Approach to Increase the Resolving Power in Trapped Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Hyphenated with Chromatography. Analytical Chemistry, 95 (48), 17586 - 17594. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03039

Pirard, L., Khudyakov, J. I., Crocker, D. E., Van Hassel, L., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., Page, M. M., Rees, J.-F., Smith, D. R., & Debier, C. (17 November 2023). Cortisol and epinephrine alter the adipose functions and the mobilization of PCBs in adipose tissue slices from elephant seal. Frontiers in Marine Science, 10. doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1290472

Alsafra, Z., Renault, V., Parisi, G., Scholl, G., De Meulenaer, B., Eppe, G., & Saegerman, C. (27 March 2022). Consumption Habits and Brand Loyalty of Belgian Coffee Consumers. Foods, 11 (7), 969. doi:10.3390/foods11070969

Bennett, K., Robinson, K., Armsrtong, H., Moss, S., Scholl, G., Tranganida, A., Eppe, G., Thomé, J.-P., Debier, C., & Hall, A. (July 2021). Predicting consequences of POP-induced disruption of blubber glucose uptake, mass gain rate and thyroid hormone levels for weaning mass in grey seal pups. Environment International, 152. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2021.106506

Zanuttini, C., Gally, F., Scholl, G., Thomé, J.-P., Eppe, G., & Das, K. (12 September 2019). High pollutant exposure level of the largest European community of bottlenose dolphins in the English Channel. Scientific Reports, 9, 12521. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48485-7

Franchina, F., Lazzari, E., Scholl, G., & Focant, J.-F. (2019). Assessment of a New GC-MS/MS System for the Confirmatory Measurement of PCDD/Fs and (N)DL-PCBs in Food under EU Regulation. Foods. doi:10.3390/foods8080302

Damseaux, F., Kiszka, J., Heithaus, M. R., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., Thomé, J.-P., Lewis, J., Hao, W., Fontaine, M. C., & Das, K. (January 2017). Spatial variation in the accumulation of POPs and mercury in bottlenose dolphins of the Lower Florida Keys and the coastal Everglades (South Florida). Environmental Pollution, 220, 577-587. doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2016.10.005

Pinzone, M., Budzinski, H., Tasciotti, A., Ody, D., Lepoint, G., Schnitzler, J., Scholl, G., Thomé, J.-P., Tapie, N., Eppe, G., & Das, K. (2015). POPs in free-ranging pilot whales, sperm whales and fin whales from the Mediterranean Sea: Influence of biological and ecological factors. Environmental Research, 142, 185-196. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2015.06.021

Brasseur, C., PIRARD, C., Scholl, G., De Pauw, E., Viel, J.-F., Shen, L., Reiner, E. J., & Focant, J.-F. (2014). Levels of dechloranes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in human serum from France. Environment International, 65, 33-40. doi:10.1016/j.envint.2013.12.014

Scientific conferences in universities or research centers

Stefanuto, P.-H., Scholl, G., Miklasova, Z., Stumpf, C., Haedrich, J., & Focant, J.-F. (December 2018). GC×GC-(MR)TOFMS in Food and Feed Control: Going Beyond Dioxin Measurements [Paper presentation]. LCGC Webcast Series.

L'Homme, B., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & Focant, J.-F. (26 March 2014). Méthode de confirmation des teneurs en PCDD/Fs et DL-PCBs dans les aliments par GC/QQQ pour le contrôle officiel Européen [Paper presentation]. Séminaire Agilent : Les solutions Agilent pour les analyses environnementale et agroalimentaires, Paris, France.

L'Homme, B., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & Focant, J.-F. (February 2014). Méthode de confirmation des teneurs en PCDD/Fs et DL-PCBs dans les aliments par GC/QQQ, pour le contrôle officiel Européen [Paper presentation]. Agilent European Tour, Nancy, France.

Scientific congresses and symposiums

Published communications

Focant, J.-F., Stefanuto, P.-H., Scholl, G., & Germansderfer, P. (2018). Testing of a New Clean-up and Fractionation System (Dioxins & PCBs) – Closer to an Investigation Tool in Environmental Forensics ? Organohalogen Compounds.

Stefanuto, P.-H., Scholl, G., Miklasova, Z., Stumpf, C., Haedrich, J., & Focant, J.-F. (2018). Food and feed control using GC×GC-(MR)TOFMS: Dioxin measurements and beyond. Organohalogen Compounds.

Eppe, G., Diletti, G., Fernandes, A., Haedrich, J., Hart, J., Hove, H., Iamiceli, L., Kotz, A., Malisch, R., Marchand, P., Moche, W., Scholl, G., Scortichini, G., Bernsmann, T., Tondeur, Y., & Traag, W. (September 2014). Measurement uncertainty for persistent organic pollutants by isotope dilution mass spectrometry. Organohalogen Compounds, 76.

l'homme, B., Sandy, C., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & Focant, J.-F. (2014). Validated ready-to-use GC-MS/MS method for dioxin analysis in food and feed following the new EU Regulations. Organohalogen Compounds, 76, 1158-1161.

van Langenhove, K., Dumortier, P., Scholl, G., Denison, M., Pussemier, L., Focant, J.-F., Goeyens, L., Baeyens, W., & Elskens, M. (August 2012). Analysis of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in sewage sludges and general bio-wastes available for agricultural land application in Belgium - comparison between GC-IDHRMS and CALUX results. Organohalogen Compounds, 74, 206-209.

Focant, J.-F., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & De Pauw, E. (2011). Automated Procedures in Iso17025 Routine Dioxin Laboratory:Impact on the Throughput. Organohalogen Compounds, 73, 676-679.

Vandentoren, S., Frery, N., Bidondo, M., Eppe, G., Scholl, G., De Pauw, E., Saoudi, A., Oleko, A., & Focant, J.-F. (2011). Dioxins in Human Milk from Different Regions of France: Pilot of the French Longitudinal Study of Children (ELFE). Organohalogen Compounds, 73, 1626-1629.

Focant, J.-F., Eppe, G., Scholl, G., & De Pauw, E. (2008). Optimization and validation of a parallel PLE procedure for the extraction of ultra-trace levels of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in biological matrices and guar gum. In Book of abstracts.

Eppe, G., Scholl, G., De Pauw, E., & Focant, J.-F. (2007). Validation of a pressurised liquid extraction (PLE) multi-columns low pressure LC coupled to GC-HRMS for PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in guar gum. In RAFA 2007 Book of abstracts.

Focant, J.-F., Scholl, G., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (2007). Optimization of a parellel PLE procedure for the extraction of PCDDs and PCDFs in sepiolite. Organohalogen Compounds, 69, 1130-1133.

Focant, J.-F., Eppe, G., Massart, A.-C., Scholl, G., PIRARD, C., & De Pauw, E. (2006). Measurement of dioxin and PCB PPT levels in human serum by SPE-LC-GC-IDHRMS for high throughput epidemiological studies. In Book of abstarcts.

Focant, J.-F., PIRARD, C., Massart, A.-C., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & De Pauw, E. (2006). On-line PLE-LC sample preparation for the measurement of dioxins and WHO-PCBs in food and feed. In Book of abstracts.

Focant, J.-F., Pirard, C., Massart, A.-C., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & De Pauw, E. (2005). Integrated PLE-multi step automated clean-up and fractionation for the measurement of dioxins and PCBs in food and feed. Organohalogen Compounds, 67, 261-264.

Oral communications or posters

Muller, H., Scholl, G., & Eppe, G. (12 September 2025). Gas Chromatography–Trapped Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry: A Highly Specific and Ultra-Sensitive Platform for Quantifying Sub-ppt Levels of Dioxins and PCBs in Food [Poster presentation]. BSMS meeting, Mons, Belgium.

Schneiders, A., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (13 June 2025). Dimeric ions of emerging and branched PFAS in ion mobility spectrometry: Artifacts to be minimized or valuable features for non-targeted analyses? [Poster presentation]. 3rd Advances in separation science workshop, Gembloux, Belgium.

Muller, H., Das, K., Scholl, G., Schymanski, E., & Eppe, G. (05 May 2025). Suspect and non-targeted screening of halogenated contaminants in a stranded killer whale (Orcinus orca) using GC-HRMS hyphenated with TIMS [Poster presentation]. SETAC Europe Annual Meeting, Vienna, Austria.

Muller, H., Das, K., Scholl, G., Schymanski, E., & Eppe, G. (June 2024). Non-targeted screening of halogenated contaminants in a stranded killer whale (Orcinus orca) using GC-HRMS hyphenated with TIMS [Poster presentation]. Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics, Anaheim, United States - California.

Muller, H., Das, K., Scholl, G., Schymanski, E., & Eppe, G. (30 May 2024). Suspect and non-targeted screening of halogenated contaminants in a stranded killer whale (Orcinus orca) using GC-HRMS hyphenated with TIMS [Poster presentation]. International Symposium on Hyphenated Techniques in Chromatography and Separation Technology, Leuven, Belgium.

Schneiders, A., Scholl, G., & Eppe, G. (2024). Dimeric ions of emerging and branched PFASs in ion mobility spectrometry: Artifacts to be minimized or valuable features for non-targeted analyses? [Paper presentation]. 44th International Symposium on Halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), Singapour, Singapore.

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (28 June 2023). Sliding windows in ion mobility (SWIM): a new approach to increase the separation power in trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry hyphenated with chromatography [Poster presentation]. Advances in separation science, Gembloux, Belgium.

Schneiders, A., Baiwir, D., Scholl, G., Pirard, C., Charlier, C., Valsecchi, & Eppe, G. (2023). Analytical strategies to confirm the presence of emerging PFASs in blood samples without analytical standards [Paper presentation]. 43th International Symposium on Halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants, Maastricht, Netherlands.

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (May 2022). Separation of coeluting isomer and isobar compounds from complex halogenated POP mixtures by GC-TIMS-MS [Poster presentation]. 17th International Symposium on Hyphenated Techniques in Chromatography and Separation Technology, Gent, Belgium.

Alsafra, Z., Scholl, G., & Eppe, G. (07 November 2019). Furan and Alkylfurans in Cereal Baby Foods: Optimization and Validation of a HS-SPME GC/MS Method [Poster presentation]. 9th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Food Analysis, Pragues, Czechia.

Lazzari, E., Franchina, F., Scholl, G., & Focant, J.-F. (September 2019). Accomplishment of the EU regulations 2017/644-771 for PCDD/Fs and PCBs in food by using a novel triple- quadrupole MS generation [Poster presentation]. IMEKOFOODS 2019, Tervuren, Belgium.

Damseaux, F., Kiszka, J., Heithaus, M., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., Thomé, J.-P., Lewis, J., & Das, K. (12 February 2016). Mercury and persistent organic pollutant concentrations in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins from Lower Keys and Coastal Everglades (South Florida) [Poster presentation]. VLIZ Marine Scientist Day 2016, Bruges, Belgium.

Damseaux, F., Kiszka, J., Heithaus, M., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., Thomé, J.-P., Lewis, J., Hao, W., Fontaine, M., & Das, K. (09 October 2015). Spatial variations in concentrations of mercury and persistent organic pollutants in coastal bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, from the Lower Florida Keys and the coastal Everglades (South Florida) [Paper presentation]. 22st Benelux congress of Zoology, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Pinzone, M., Ody, D., Lepoint, G., Tasciotti, A., Scholl, G., Thomé, J.-P., Budzinski, H., Tapie, N., Schnitzler, J., Eppe, G., & Das, K. (25 March 2015). Eco-toxicological analysis of free-ranging cetaceans from the North-western Mediterranean Sea [Paper presentation]. 29th Conference of European Cetaceans Society.

Pinzone, M., Budzinski, H., Tasciotti, A., Ody, D., Lepoint, G., Schnitzler, J., Scholl, G., Thomé, J.-P., Tapie, N., Eppe, G., & Das, K. (28 February 2015). Influences of blubber composition and profile in the assessment of POPs levels in free-ranging cetaceans [Poster presentation]. VLIZ Young Scientist's Day, Brugge, Belgium.

Eppe, G., Thomé, J.-P., & Scholl, G. (September 2014). Analytical study of brain and different organs of baby mice early exposed to NDL-PCBs [Paper presentation]. Global Environmental Contamination (GEC 2014) : Challenges for the well-being of the human brain.

L'Homme, B., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & Focant, J.-F. (September 2014). Validated GC-MS/MS confirmatory method for the EU official control of levels of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in feed material of plant origin [Poster presentation]. Environmental Food MS Meeting, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

L'Homme, B., Sandy, C., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & Focant, J.-F. (22 May 2014). Validation of GC-MS/MS confirmatory method for the EU official control of levels of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in feed, anticipating amendment to Regulation (EU) No 278/2012 [Paper presentation]. ISCC 2014, Riva Del Garda, Italy.

L'Homme, B., Sandy, C., Scholl, G., Eppe, G., & Focant, J.-F. (06 November 2013). Validation of GC-MS/MS confirmatory method for the EU official control of levels of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in feed material of plant origin [Paper presentation]. 6th International symposium on Recent Advances in Food Analysis (RAFA).

Brasseur, C., L'Homme, B., PIRARD, C., Scholl, G., Viel, J., Shen, L., Reinsr, R., & Focant, J.-F. (November 2013). Dechloranes: The next Emerging POP? [Paper presentation]. RAFA 2013, Prague, Czechia.

PIRARD, C., Scholl, G., & Focant, J.-F. (June 2011). Advances in automation for the measurement of selected PBDEs in human serum [Paper presentation]. BFR 2011 12th Workshop on Brominated and other flame retardants, Boston, United States.

Theses and dissertations

Doctoral thesis

Scholl, G. (2013). Belgian population exposed to furan: from analytical developments to risk assessment [Doctoral thesis, ULiège - Université de Liège]. ORBi-University of Liège. https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/155442

Expert reports

Wenzl, T., Haedrich, J., Schaechtele, A., Piotr, R., Stroka, J., Eppe, G., & Scholl, G. (2016). Guidance Document on the Estimation of LOD and LOQ for Measurements in the Field of Contaminants in Food and Feed. Geel, Belgium: Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM). https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/199914

Other publications and communications

Articles in scientific journals without peer reviewing

Eppe, G., Scholl, G., De Pauw, E., & Focant, J.-F. (December 2015). Emerging and Novel Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) in food: Current status of the European legislation. Labinfo, 14, 29-31.

Eppe, G., Scholl, G., Focant, J.-F., & De Pauw, E. (April 2015). Atmospheric pressure gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (APGC-MS/MS) for dioxins and PCBs analysis in food and feed. Labinfo, 13, 21-23.

Speeches and writings for a general audience

Others

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (2024). Sliding windows in ion mobility (SWIM): a new approach to increase the separation power in trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry hyphenated with chromatography [Paper presentation]. Joint NVMS/BSMS conference on Mass Spectrometry, Kerkrade, Netherlands.

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (2023). Sliding windows in ion mobility (SWIM): a new approach to increase the separation power in trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry hyphenated with chromatography [Paper presentation]. International Symposium on Halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), Maastricht, Netherlands.

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (2023). Assessing the performance of high resolution ion mobility-mass spectrometry for the separation of GC coeluting isomeric and isobaric halogenated persistent organic pollutants [Paper presentation]. International Symposium on Halogenated Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), Maastricht, Netherlands.

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (2023). Sliding windows in ion mobility (SWIM): a new approach to increase the separation power in trapped ion mobility-mass spectrometry hyphenated with chromatography [Paper presentation]. International Conference on Ion Mobility Spectrometry, Maastricht, Netherlands.

Muller, H., Scholl, G., Far, J., De Pauw, E., & Eppe, G. (2022). Separation of coeluting isomer and isobar compounds from complex halogenated pollutant mixtures by GC-APCI-TIMS-TOFMS [Paper presentation]. International Mass Spectrometry Conference (IMSC), Maastricht, Netherlands.