Article (Scientific journals)
SPECULOOS: Ultracool dwarf transit survey. Target list and strategy
Sebastian, Daniel; Gillon, Michaël; Ducrot, Elsa et al.
2021In Astronomy and Astrophysics, 645, p. 100
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Keywords :
planetary systems; stars: low-mass; catalogs; astrobiology; Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract :
[en] Context. One of the most promising avenues for the detailed study of temperate Earth-sized exoplanets is the detection of such planets in transit in front of stars that are small and near enough to make it possible to carry out a thorough atmospheric characterisation with next-generation telescopes, such as the James Webb Space telescope (JWST) or Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). In this context, the TRAPPIST-1 planets form a unique benchmark system that has garnered the interest of a large scientific community. <BR /> Aims: The SPECULOOS survey is an exoplanet transit survey targeting a volume-limited (40 pc) sample of ultracool dwarf stars (of spectral type M7 and later) that is based on a network of robotic 1 m telescopes especially designed for this survey. The strategy for brighter and earlier targets leverages on the synergy with the ongoing TESS space-based exoplanet transit survey. <BR /> Methods: We define the SPECULOOS target list as the sum of three non-overlapping sub-programmes incorporating the latest type objects (T[SUB]eff[/SUB] ≲ 3000 K). Programme 1 features 365 dwarfs that are small and near enough to make it possible to detail atmospheric characterisation of an `Earth-like' planet with the upcoming JWST. Programme 2 features 171 dwarfs of M5-type and later for which a significant detection of a planet similar to TRAPPIST-1b should be within reach of TESS. Programme 3 features 1121 dwarfs that are later than M6-type. These programmes form the basis of our statistical census of short-period planets around ultracool dwarf stars. <BR /> Results: Our compound target list includes 1657 photometrically classified late-type dwarfs, with 260 of these targets classified, for the first time, as possible nearby ultracool dwarf stars. Our general observational strategy was to monitor each target between 100 and 200 h with our telescope network, making efficient use of the synergy with TESS for our Programme 2 targets and a proportion of targets in our Programme 1. <BR /> Conclusions: Based on Monte Carlo simulations, we expect to detect up to a few dozen temperate, rocky planets. We also expect a number of them to prove amenable for atmospheric characterisation with JWST and other future giant telescopes, which will substantially improve our understanding of the planetary population of the latest-type stars. <P />Catalogue of the sources is only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (ftp://130.79.128.5) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/645/A100">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/645/A100</A>
Disciplines :
Space science, astronomy & astrophysics
Author, co-author :
Sebastian, Daniel ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Gillon, Michaël  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Ducrot, Elsa ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Pozuelos, F. J.  ;  Astrobiology Research Unit, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, 19, 4000, Liège, Sart-Tilman, Belgium ; Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research (STAR) Institute, Université de Liège, Allée du 6 Août 19C, 4000, Liège, Belgium
Garcia, Lionel  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Günther, M. N.;  Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
Delrez, Laetitia ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Exotic
Queloz, D.;  Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
Demory, B. O.;  University of Bern, Center for Space and Habitability, Gesellschaftsstrasse 6, 3012, Bern, Switzerland
Triaud, A. H. M. J.;  School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Burgasser, A.;  University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
de Wit, J.;  Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
Burdanov, A.;  Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
Dransfield, G.;  School of Physics & Astronomy, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
Jehin, Emmanuel  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
McCormac, J.;  Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
Murray, C. A.;  Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
Niraula, P.;  Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
Pedersen, P. P.;  Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
Rackham, B. V.;  Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
Sohy, Sandrine ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Origines Cosmologiques et Astrophysiques (OrCa)
Thompson, S.;  Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
Van Grootel, Valérie  ;  Université de Liège - ULiège > Département d'astrophys., géophysique et océanographie (AGO) > Astrophysique stellaire théorique et astérosismologie
More authors (13 more) Less
Language :
English
Title :
SPECULOOS: Ultracool dwarf transit survey. Target list and strategy
Publication date :
01 January 2021
Journal title :
Astronomy and Astrophysics
ISSN :
0004-6361
eISSN :
1432-0746
Publisher :
EDP Sciences, Les Ulis, France
Volume :
645
Pages :
A100
Peer reviewed :
Peer Reviewed verified by ORBi
European Projects :
FP7 - 336480 - SPECULOOS - SPECULOOS: searching for habitable planets amenable for biosignatures detection around the nearest ultra-cool stars
Funders :
CE - Commission Européenne [BE]
Available on ORBi :
since 26 February 2021

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